This trial is evaluating whether Endotoxin will improve 2 primary outcomes, 4 secondary outcomes, and 1 other outcome in patients with Anhedonia. Measurement will happen over the course of Baseline and post-injection (approximately 2 hrs).
This trial requires 40 total participants across 2 different treatment groups
This trial involves 2 different treatments. Endotoxin is the primary treatment being studied. Participants will all receive the same treatment. Some patients will receive a placebo treatment. The treatments being tested are in Phase 1 and are in the first stage of evaluation with people.
Participation is compensated
You will be compensated for participating in this trial.
"Depression is complex by virtue of the diverse factors that appear to be involved. However, it seems that many of those factors converge with the brain stem and the hippocampus as these areas are compromised in depression." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"Signs of depression can be seen as depressive symptoms, but patients with depression also have different signs than the other patients with depression: psychometric signs. These can be measured from the PHQ-9 to determine depressive symptoms or, if the patient fulfills the criteria for a depression diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, the signs for obtaining a diagnosis of a major depression." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in older adults and are associated with multiple health conditions. Results from a recent clinical trial suggests that geriatric psychopharmacologic interventions could have a role in the management of depressive symptoms among older adults." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"Depressed persons have unique treatment needs, so treatment may be adapted to each individual's specific needs. Some therapies and medications might work more effectively for men than women. It’s vital to realize that the treatments will work less effectively for elderly patients. Cognitive-behavioral approaches may help to improve mood, decrease worrying, change thoughts and behaviors that worsen depression. Cognitive restructuring and cognitive processing therapy are good options for depressed individuals, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.\n\n- A study of the prevalence of depression in adult men found about 20 percent have depression; the most common symptom was feeling overwhelmed or disappointed." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"At present, there are no effective treatments for MDD that can be routinely recommended. However, a number of treatments do appear to be effective and their efficacy and tolerability are being evaluated in large clinical trials. Further research in this area will be required to determine the full potential of this and other emerging treatments." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"Rates of lifetime and new-episode depression are both high. Depression also increases with age to a peak at age 60, even in men whose disease burden is moderate. Depression is also not uncommon in men and women aged 45 to 59 (i.e., early adulthood). Given the long life-span and high disease burden for depression, screening people of late life is an important use of healthcare resources." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"The current family history methods are insufficient to detect which individuals in a large first-degree pedigree are at-risk for depression. As the results of this study are limited to a sample of siblings with a narrow estimate of heritability, new technologies such as genome-wide association study (GWAS) will be more informative. Such approaches are being explored now and may allow identification of the molecular genetics of depression." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"Endotoxin is associated with various respiratory and systemic symptoms including headache, flushing, muscle spasm, nausea, anorexia, and tachycardia. These symptoms are associated with the acute phase response and may be treated with medications, such as acetaminophen. In patients with chronic dyspnea or chronic heart disease, endotoxin is associated with the development of bronchospasm and hypoxia." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"The number of randomized controlled trials in the last ten years continues to increase. This has resulted in a broader understanding and management of depression. We can no longer assume that it is a homogenous disorder with a homogenous definition. I think an increasing body of evidence proves that there are different forms of depression and for each form of depression, there is potential for different treatment approaches\n" - Anonymous Online Contributor
"Given the large volume of literature on endotoxin and its effects on cellular components, the use of systemic LPS is justified in order to obtain an understanding of endotoxin’s direct or indirect effects on immune function." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"When severe, it can be a deadly disease. The most harmful effects of depression are physical and mental. On top of that, it can interfere with your life and make it harder and harder to succeed. In a severe form, depression can even lead to the death of the patient." - Anonymous Online Contributor
"Endotoxin is not more frequently detected in cerebrospinal versus spinal fluid after a lumbar epidural when compared with blood. There appears to be a relationship between endotoxemia, aseptic meningitis, and an abnormal CSF cell count, but no relationship between the presence and timing of lumbar epidural anesthesia and the presence of endotoxemia in the CSF." - Anonymous Online Contributor