Treatment for Kidney Neoplasms

There are 5 specific types of kidney neoplasms: kidney cysts are the most common type, accounting for more than half of all neoplasms. Nephroma is an exception to the other types and is the least common type of neoplasms with only about one fourth of all kidney neoplasms. Diagnostic accuracy increases significantly with the enlargement of kidney nodules, while the probability of benign neoplasms is greater than that of malignant neoplasms.

The treatment of any solid tumor depends mainly on the tumor type, stage, and overall clinical condition of a patient. Surgery is often necessary for the treatment of kidney neoplasms. Radiotherapy is usually used to treat cancers. Radiation therapy can produce cure for some kidney tumors (such as rhabdomyosarcoma) but has a high rate of developing complications and must be performed only when absolutely necessary. Chemotherapy is usually not a treatment of choice but can be used to treat some kidney tumors. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are usually more effective than other treatment options, especially for advanced kidney lesions including metastatic lesions. In some cases, kidney tumors may be monitored while waiting for a more effective treatment option.

An estimated 25,000 people are diagnosed with a renal cell carcinoma and nearly 8,000 with a renal transitional cell carcinoma per year in the United States. This makes up 3.5% of US adults diagnosed with a neoplasm of the kidney every year.

This article discusses the possibility to cure neoplasms of the kidney. The [cure rate] of [kidney cancer](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/kidney-cancer) is lower than that of other cancers, but its prognosis is good. Nephron-sparing strategies may therefore improve outcomes and decrease the number of cancer patients requiring dialysis.

Tumor genetics plays a significant role in the development of some kidney neoplasms. Nephron development occurs as a consequence of cell proliferation caused by genetic mutations, environmental toxins, or reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative damage to cells.

It is important to suspect kidney neoplasms due to possible presentation with kidney failure and blood in urine. Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI are the imaging modalities used to diagnose kidney neoplasms.

At present, the best available treatments for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma rely primarily on tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sorafenib or sunitinib. The use of these drugs has been proven to prolong survival in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma and has been granted a priority review by Medicare.

Although kidney tumors may be the second most common cancer in males, these data indicate that kidney tumors do not constitute a predisposing factor for developing bladder neoplasms.

The most common primary diagnosis associated with AKI was none (37%); most cases were CKD- and AKI-related (29%); most cases of AKI had a primary diagnosis of AKI-related (13%).

All measured quality of life parameters improved after treatment for NS, but this improvement could not be correlated with disease stage or size. However, we were able to demonstrate that an overall improvement in QOL for patients with KN can be achieved using a combination of medical and psychosocial treatment.

Nephron-sparing surgeries are feasible. They can be performed in both unilateral and bilateral nephron-sparing kidney. Even though the renal function usually decrease after unilateral surgery, kidney function can be maintained through the meticulous choice of the surgical strategy (partial nephrectomy) and careful postoperative care. To preserve the renal function as much as possible, it is important to perform the operations as early as possible. Furthermore, renal metastasis may recur after nephron-sparing surgery. To prevent this recurrence, early identification of renal metastasis and early diagnosis are very important.