This trial is evaluating whether Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Formers will improve 1 primary outcome in patients with Obesity. Measurement will happen over the course of Baseline through 2 months.
This trial requires 120 total participants across 4 different treatment groups
This trial involves 4 different treatments. Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Formers is the primary treatment being studied. Participants will be divided into 4 treatment groups. There is no placebo group. The treatments being tested are not being studied for commercial purposes.
Individuals with calcium oxalate stone formers are a heterogeneous population with different etiologies, genetic, environmental, and clinical, and should be distinguished as so. A general-public understanding of calcium oxalate stone formers may be aided by improved epidemiological, genetic epidemiological, and preventive research.
Obesity in the US population increases from ages 10 to 35years. While obesity prevalence has remained relatively constant, age-specific prevalence has shifted from a peak in the 1980s to the current level. Childhood obesity and later onset of obesity is also becoming more prevalent. This presents an enormous problem, given that many early risk factors and correlates of obesity are already established in childhood and adolescence.
Obesity may be classified as a medical disorder or as normal variation of fat mass and the degree to which this increases may be related to other variables. Although the prevalence of obesity is high, there are many individuals of normal weight who have increased fat mass resulting from a disproportionate increase in subcutaneous fat mass (and therefore are prone to develop obesity). However, the vast majority of people will never develop and retain obesity. The concept that obesity is a simple disorder therefore seems to be a reflection of a social mores than a scientific fact.
Almost all adults live in a home and work, and they travel and dine in different places, but they are all exposed to multiple potential sources of energy that increase their consumption of food and energy. The amount of energy from these potential sources is difficult to quantify. These sources may include fat, sugars, or alcohol, for example. The present study found that in the year 2013, more than 3.5 million (about 19%) US youth are overweight and more than 500,000 will be overweight. Between 1995 and 2012, approximately 49.3 million (about 32%) US children and adolescents will be overweight.
Patients with obesity have an increased utilization of primary care providers and specialist clinics as compared to that of the US population as a whole.
Obesity is strongly influenced by a number of predisposing factors such as parental history of obesity, genetic susceptibility to obesity, maternal history of obesity and a sedentary life. The development of obesity can be described as the result of a negative energy balance. This means that overconsumption of calories leads to a greater energy deficit than energy intake which is one of the major causes of obesity
What is the best way of assessing the weight status of patients? We may not think this is so easy, but if we do not take weight into consideration, we risk diagnosing an overestimated or underestimated obesity and consequently treat the wrong patients. We take into account a combination of the following: body shape, waist/hips ratio, the presence of excessive fat tissue in the neck or over the shoulder (called visceral fat) and the presence of edema. This means that the way to get the best result, is to use more precise measurements of the body. Also, the waist should not be too high, and it shouldn’t be too low.
Obesity in childhood, if associated with the development of health conditions, can be treated successfully from childhood. As the number of morbidly obese people in the Western world increase, this raises the awareness of health professionals to address the issue in a timely manner.
Recent findings has demonstrated that patients with no previous history of kidney stones and calcium oxalate renal stone formers have a significantly higher incidence of renal colic and stone pain than other stone formers. We have also identified that the presence of urea in the stone composition is an independent factor in kidney stone formation.
There is currently insufficient data to conclude that calcium oxalate kidney stone formers are in fact more effective than a placebo. Furthermore, there are serious ethical concerns in recommending calcium oxalate therapy as the sole therapy for patients with kidney stones.
This large international study does provide strong evidence that excess consumption of food in general is driving obesity, including food made 'healthful' from the health conscious perspective. The importance of physical activity as a factor in obesity remains to be determined.
The answer is yes. There have been new discoveries in drugs that can be used as add-ons or as alternatives to surgery for the obese. There is also a lot more emphasis on exercise as a lifestyle intervention to treat obesity. \nThe following are some of the drugs being used, but for obesity alone \n\n- A handful of studies, which have found significant effect in alleviating obesity related symptoms.\n- A handful of studies, which have found significant improvement in weight management. They have also found improvement in many common illnesses.\n- There have been a few studies which show some improvement in appetite suppression.