Seroquel

The goal of this open label trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual group extended Written Exposure Therapy (GE-WET) in reducing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms in patients with comorbid PTSD and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) or BPD traits. GE-WET involves attending weekly 2-hour group WET sessions for the duration of 10 weeks, in which they write about their trauma experience using specific instructions. This study will be conducted at St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton's Community Psychiatry Clinic with clients wait listed for PTSD treatment (ages 18- 65, any gender, co-morbid PTSD and BPD/BPD traits). The main questions this study aims to answer are: Does GE-WET reduce PTSD symptoms (based on PCL-5 measures) in this population (outpatient clients ages 18-65 of any gender, with a diagnosis of PTSD and BPD or BPD traits)? Does GE-WET result in reduced drop-out rates for this population, compared to that of other evidence-based treatment for PTSD? What are participants subjective experience of GE-WET?

The purpose of this study is to determine whether changes in sleep consolidation occur during home-based transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in adults with moderate depression and whether these changes are temporally associated with improvements in depressive symptoms.

A Phase 2, single-center, fixed-dose, open-label study will explore the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a 120 mg dose of oral MDMA followed by a supplemental dose of 60 mg MDMA in conjunction with therapy in individual versus group settings for adult veterans diagnosed with PTSD.

This study will seek to determine the (1) acceptability and (2) feasibility of psilocybin as an adjunct to cognitive-behavioral therapy, delivered as a group treatment (G-PACBT) for major depressive disorder and (3) explore the clinical effects of G-PACBT on depressive symptoms and psychosocial functioning.

The goal of this clinical trial is to improve how electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) stimulation settings are chosen. Researchers will use real-time brain monitoring to measure both seizures and a recently identified brain event called cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). The main questions it aims to answer are: What is the best way to increase ECT stimulation settings? How do different pulse settings affect the brain's response? Can certain settings produce CSD without causing a seizure? Participants already receiving ECT as part of their care will take part. They will be assigned to one of two groups: Index ECT group: Participants starting ECT will receive different standard titration approaches. Maintenance ECT group: Participants receiving ongoing ECT will undergo a brief, low-dose stimulation test before treatment. All participants will be monitored using brain physiology (EEG and blood flow) and symptom scales during treatment.

Many people with depression do not get better with standard treatments like medication. One promising alternative is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic pulses to stimulate specific brain regions. A particular pattern of TMS called continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) is thought to reduce overactive brain activity in depression, but the investigators do not yet fully understand how it works at the level of brain cells and connections. This study aims to determine the biological mechanism by which cTBS changes brain activity in people with depression. Specifically, the investigators are testing two competing ideas: (1) that cTBS works by weakening the connections between brain cells through a process called long-term depression (LTD), which is driven by a chemical messenger system called glutamate; or (2) that cTBS works by increasing the brain's natural "braking" system, driven by a different chemical messenger called GABA. To test these ideas, participants with depression will receive cTBS along with one of four FDA-approved medications, or placebo, that either boost or block these chemical messenger systems. The investigators will measure changes in brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG) recorded simultaneously with TMS. Specific patterns in the EEG signal, called TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs), act as a window into how different brain cell types are responding to stimulation. Each participant will complete four study visits, each testing a different drug-TMS combination in random order. One group of participants will test drugs targeting the glutamate system (d-cycloserine and memantine). A second group will test drugs targeting the GABA system (lorazepam and baclofen). All drugs are given as a single oral dose and are commonly used in clinical practice. Understanding exactly how cTBS works at a biological level could open the door to more effective, personalized TMS treatments.

This study aims to understand the neural, behavioral and clinical effects of temporal interference (TI), a type of neuromodulation method, in healthy populations and in individuals with anxiety and stress-related conditions.

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine if alpha phase-locked auditory stimulation can improve sleep in people with insomnia and depression. The main goals of the pilot study are the following: Determine whether alpha phase-locked auditory stimulation (active stimulation) improves objective and subjective sleep in individuals with insomnia and depression. The study team hypothesizes that active auditory stimulation will reduce objective and subjective sleep onset latency (SL) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) compared to a sham stimulation. Participants will: * Wear Elemind Neuromod headband nightly for 4 weeks (1 week baseline, 1 week active/sham stimulation, 1 week washout, and 1 week opposite condition - active/sham stimulation) * Wear actigraphy watch for duration of the study * Complete questionnaires regarding their sleep, mood, and satisfaction with the device

Purpose: Risk of severe psychopathology increases dramatically during adolescence, especially for females. Changes in ovarian steroids across the menstrual cycle produce windows of vulnerability to mood disturbances, particularly during the abrupt withdrawal of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) prior to menses onset. Irrefutable evidence links stress with affective symptoms, potentially mediated by E2-related modifications of frontolimbic connectivity and prefrontal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibitory signaling. The primary objective of this project is to empirically test the impact of E2 and P4 change on vulnerable brain networks associated with irritability and other depressive symptoms in female adolescents at risk of suicide. Participants: The investigators will enroll 50 female adolescents ages 12-16 who are at risk of suicide (i.e., moderate depressive symptoms), and are eligible to receive oral contraceptives and undergo MRI imaging. Procedure: Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over design, participants will be studied under two conditions: 8 weeks of E2 and P4 stabilization (continuous combined oral contraceptive (COC) to prevent perimenstrual withdrawal) and 8 weeks of placebo, with a 1-month washout after each condition. Each condition will include: 1) daily samples of E2 and P4 urinary metabolites, 2) daily symptom ratings(e.g., irritability, negative affect and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs)), and 3) a neuroimaging session with MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).

This study examines how adolescents with trauma-related symptoms respond to stress and strong emotions. The study assesses brain activity, physiological responses, and behavior during experimental tasks that involve responding to potential threats, regulating emotions, and repeatedly imagining details of a personally experienced stressful or traumatic event using a script-driven imagery task. The study evaluates whether repeated imaginal exposure is associated with changes in anxiety and physiological responses across sessions, and whether baseline patterns of threat reactivity and emotion regulation are associated with individual differences in response to the exposure task. Outcomes include self-reported anxiety, subjective distress ratings, and psychophysiological indices such as heart rate, skin conductance, and electromyographic activity. The goal of this research is to improve understanding of biobehavioral processes related to trauma exposure in adolescents and to identify potential predictors of response to exposure-based intervention components relevant to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if taVNS works to treat symptoms of Parkinson's Disease in adults. It will also learn about the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of taVNS administered at home by the participant. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is at-home taVNS feasible and effective for treating symptoms of Parkinson's Disease? How often are participants completing the stimulation protocol? What are the side effects of stimulation experienced by participants? How do participants rate the experience of taVNS sessions at home? How do participants' scores on assessments and questionnaires change with taVNS treatments? 2. How does taVNS impact connections between neural networks in the brain of patients with Parkinson's Disease at rest? Participants will: * Have a baseline MRI scan to take images of their brain. * Complete a series of assessments and questionnaires to evaluate their Parkinson's Disease motor symptoms, cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and other non-motor symptoms. * Have an initial taVNS session where their threshold to perceive the stimulation will be measured. This value will be used to stimulate each participant at a specific dose relative to their individual perception of stimulation. * Be trained on how to use the taVNS device and system and have one 1-hour taVNS session where their vitals will be monitored. * Self-administer 1-hour daily taVNS sessions for 8 weeks at-home, complete tolerability questionnaires, and weekly remote check-ins with study staff. * After 4-weeks of at-home taVNS, participants will come in-person to repeat the questionnaires and assessments from the first visit. * Following the 8 weeks of taVNS sessions, participants will repeat the MRI scan, assessments and questionnaires from visit 1. * Participants will complete questionnaires remotely 1 month following their last taVNS sessions.

This study tests whether a brain stimulation treatment for depression called intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) can be improved by tailoring it to each individual. A type of brain signal measured with electroencephalography (EEG) after a single pulse of brain stimulation, called an early local TMS-evoked potential (EL-TEP), is used to identify which stimulation settings work best for each participant. The investigators will compare individualized (personalized) iTBS settings to standard (non-personalized) settings and to inactive (sham) stimulation. Participants are adults with treatment-resistant depression.