Dilantin

Neurosurgery, Epilepsy, Seizures + 9 more

Treatment

5 FDA approvals

20 Active Studies for Dilantin

What is Dilantin

Phenytoin

The Generic name of this drug

Treatment Summary

Phenytoin is a type of medication used to control seizures and is one of the most commonly prescribed anticonvulsants. It has been used for around 80 years and is also investigated for other conditions, such as bipolar disorder, retina protection, and wound healing. Medical professionals may recommend checking the levels of phenytoin in the body to ensure the right amount is being taken, as too much or too little can cause side effects. Both oral and injection forms of phenytoin are available.

Dilantin-125

is the brand name

image of different drug pills on a surface

Dilantin Overview & Background

Brand Name

Generic Name

First FDA Approval

How many FDA approvals?

Dilantin-125

Phenytoin

1953

163

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Phenytoin, otherwise known as Dilantin-125, is approved by the FDA for 5 uses which include Seizures and Status; Epilepticus, Tonic-clonic .

Seizures

Status; Epilepticus, Tonic-clonic

Seizures

Neurosurgery

Epilepsy

Effectiveness

How Dilantin Affects Patients

Phenytoin is a type of drug used to prevent seizures. It is important to take the right dose, which is usually between 10-20 mg/L, but can be harder to determine due to things like body composition and genetics. Phenytoin has to be unbound from proteins in order to work, so taking other medications that interfere with proteins can affect the effectiveness of the drug.

How Dilantin works in the body

Phenytoin is a medication used to prevent seizures by blocking sodium channels in the brain. It was first developed in the 1940s, and it took decades for scientists to understand how it worked. Phenytoin targets almost all types of sodium channels, preventing neurons from sending signals too quickly and triggering a seizure.

When to interrupt dosage

The measure of Dilantin is contingent upon the diagnosed condition, like Seizure Disorder, Post Traumatic, Seizures and Status; Epilepticus, Tonic-clonic. The dosage fluctuates as per the technique of delivery (e.g. Tablet - Oral or Parenteral) found in the table underneath.

Condition

Dosage

Administration

Epilepsy

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Neurosurgery

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Seizures

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Epilepsy, Absence

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Seizures

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Seizures

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Status Epilepticus

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

inadequate control with monotherapy

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Epilepsy

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Seizures

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe

, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL

Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral

Warnings

Dilantin Contraindications

Condition

Risk Level

Notes

Adams-Stokes Syndrome

Do Not Combine

Atrioventricular Block

Do Not Combine

Pulse Frequency

Do Not Combine

Sinus Bradycardia

Do Not Combine

phenytoin

Do Not Combine

Sinoatrial Block

Do Not Combine

Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions

Do Not Combine

Phenytoin may interact with Pulse Frequency

Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions

Do Not Combine

Phenytoin may interact with Pulse Frequency

There are 20 known major drug interactions with Dilantin.

Common Dilantin Drug Interactions

Drug Name

Risk Level

Description

1,2-Benzodiazepine

Major

The metabolism of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.

3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid

Major

The metabolism of 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.

5-androstenedione

Major

The metabolism of 5-androstenedione can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.

6-O-benzylguanine

Major

The metabolism of 6-O-benzylguanine can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.

7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin

Major

The metabolism of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.

Dilantin Toxicity & Overdose Risk

Phenytoin toxicity can occur if too much of the drug is taken, due to drug interactions, kidney disease, pregnancy, malnutrition, or cancer. It can affect the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Symptoms may include nystagmus, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, lethargy, confusion, hyperactivity, coma, and seizures. For treatment, activated charcoal may be used to prevent absorption and supportive care is typically recommended. Hemodialysis is not usually necessary as supportive care is generally effective.

image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Dilantin Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Dilantin?

57 active studies are currently being conducted to assess the potential of Dilantin to ameliorate Complex Partial Seizures, Petit Mal Epilepsy and Convulsive Disorders.

Condition

Clinical Trials

Trial Phases

Seizures

5 Actively Recruiting

Phase 3, Phase 2, Phase 1

Epilepsy, Absence

0 Actively Recruiting

Status Epilepticus

0 Actively Recruiting

Epilepsy

19 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 3, Early Phase 1, Phase 4, Phase 1

Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic

0 Actively Recruiting

Seizures

0 Actively Recruiting

Seizures

0 Actively Recruiting

Neurosurgery

1 Actively Recruiting

Early Phase 1

Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe

4 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Early Phase 1, Phase 1, Phase 2

Epilepsy

0 Actively Recruiting

inadequate control with monotherapy

0 Actively Recruiting

Seizures

0 Actively Recruiting

Dilantin Reviews: What are patients saying about Dilantin?

5

Patient Review

3/29/2013

Dilantin for Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy

This medication has caused my sugar to stay high , and it has caused my bones to hurt all over my body, the only reason I have to take it is because I have diabetic seizures .

5

Patient Review

3/1/2015

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

I've been using this medication for 30 years, since I was 13. It's kept me seizure-free all this time, and I'm grateful. The side effects are manageable; drowsiness and difficulty concentrating are the main ones.

5

Patient Review

4/24/2016

Dilantin for Convulsive Seizures

I had my first seizure not long after my second child was born 22 years ago and I've been Dilantin ever since.

5

Patient Review

9/2/2013

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

One of the side effects I experienced was dry mouth, which led to me feeling excessively thirsty all the time. Another issue I had was insomnia, which made it difficult to get a good night's sleep.

5

Patient Review

1/30/2015

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

I began having seizures in 1996 at age 34. After six months of taking Dilantin, I attempted to stop under my doctor's supervision; however, the seizures started again immediately. I've been on the same dose (460mg daily) since then with no issues.

5

Patient Review

1/26/2014

Dilantin for Convulsive Seizures

There are some potential side effects associated with this treatment, but they are generally mild and manageable. Overall, I found it to be very effective and would recommend it to others.

4.7

Patient Review

2/6/2015

Dilantin for Simple Partial Seizures

This drug has been a miracle for me. I was experiencing cognitive problems, severe muscle cramping and nerve pain when I was diagnosed with seizures. After taking my first dose of this medication, I felt an immediate difference. It was like my brain suddenly switched back on and I could think clearly again. However, dosage is definitely something to be aware of with this drug as too much can cause hallucinations and too little can lead to seizures. I take 200-260mg per day and only use the name brand, no generics.

4.7

Patient Review

10/20/2014

Dilantin for Convulsive Seizures

I found that this drug helped me to lose my appetite, which was great for me.

4

Patient Review

5/24/2016

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

I've been taking Dilantin for 66 years now, and it's certainly helped me. I urge you to see a specialist every six months or so to get your blood levels checked.

4

Patient Review

5/8/2014

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

I've been taking this medication for a long time, and it's really helped me. I started with the drug n3 and saw no negative side effects.

3.7

Patient Review

6/3/2013

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

At first, this medication made me feel numb. I would often catch myself staring into space. I was prescribed this for neuropathic leg pain, but as I've read more about the drug, it seems that it decreases the levels of Lamictal in my system; making it harder to wean off of Lamictal. The doctors prescribing this seemed unaware of this potential complication.

3.3

Patient Review

9/21/2013

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

I am currently taking this drug alongside Keppra, but I have not had a good experience with it. Dilantin has been awful for me, and I am hoping my neurologist will allow me to discontinue use of it when I see her later this week.

2.7

Patient Review

12/16/2013

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

While this medication has been effective in preventing seizures, the side effects are somewhat bothersome. I become very tired, suffer dry mouth and lips, and suffer from some confusion. All in all the effectiveness seems to outweigh the side effects at this point.

1

Patient Review

4/5/2017

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

I was incredibly depressed while taking this medication, and it also caused me to lose my facial hair. Once I switched medications, my depression lifted within weeks and my hair grew back.

1

Patient Review

8/16/2012

Dilantin for Epileptic Seizure

image of drug pills surrounding a glass of water symbolizing drug consumption

Patient Q&A Section about dilantin

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

What type of drug is Dilantin?

"Phenytoin is used to prevent and control seizures by reducing the spread of seizure activity in the brain."

Answered by AI

What is Dilantin used for?

"DILANTIN is a prescription medicine used to treat certain types of seizures, such as tonic-clonic (grand mal) and psychomotor (temporal lobe) seizures, as well as to prevent and treat seizures that occur during or after brain surgery."

Answered by AI

What are the side effects of taking Dilantin?

"DILANTIN may cause irregular movement of the eye, problems with walking and coordination, slurred speech, trouble sleeping, confusion, dizziness, nervousness, tremor, headache, and nausea. All brands are trademarks of their owners."

Answered by AI

Is Dilantin a narcotic?

"Though Dilantin is not a commonly abused drug and doesn't produce significant euphoria, it is a controlled substance that requires a prescription."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Dilantin

Image of University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, United States.

Cobenfy KarXT for Memory Loss

18 - 75
All Sexes
Dallas, TX

The goal of this study is to learn about the effects of Cobenfy KarXT (xanomeline and trospium chloride) on episodic memory processing, including specific effects on areas of the brain involved in memory and changes it may have on brain activity. The investigators will do this by testing epileptic patients who are already undergoing intracranial surgery for seizure monitoring, and measuring the activity from the brain areas being assessed. The main questions it aims to answer are 1) whether Cobenfy KarXT changes memory activity based on its agonist effect on muscarinic receptors and acetylcholine, and 2) what the nature of these brain activity changes are. This work builds on previous experiments evaluating cholinergic antagonists. Participants will complete two treatment arms. One of these will be with the drug, and the other will be with a placebo pill, so that the participants are unaware which session the actual drug has been received. Patients will complete a verbal serial recall and/or associative recognition task each of the two days. An anesthesiologist or patient nurse will administer either the drug or the placebo at a critical point which addresses both of the research questions. Researchers will compare the brain activity between the two treatment arms to determine what brain activity changes, and whether there is an additional behavioral effect on memory.

Phase < 1
Waitlist Available

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Bradley C Lega, MD

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Enhanced MRI Imaging for Epilepsy

18 - 64
All Sexes
Edmonton, Canada

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common type of epilepsy and one of the most likely to not be controlled by medication. For patients who do not respond to medication, surgery can result in a cure of seizures. Given the fact that around 50% of patients who undergo surgery are seizure free at 10 years there is a need to improve the understanding of what factors best predict surgical outcomes in order to improve our ability to select candidates for surgery. The demonstration of abnormalities in the temporal lobe on MRI is one of the best predictors of seizure free surgical outcomes. Recent studies suggest that changes in specific subregions of the hippocampus could be the strongest predictors of surgical success, however the small size of these regions, (millimeters) make them very difficult to study with standard clinical MRI. Recently new MRI methods have been developed at Wayne State University to image hippocampal blood vessels using ferumoxytol infusion. Feraheme (ferumoxytol) is a drug that is approved in the United States for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia and is currently being studied as an MRI contrast agent in 8 active clinical trials in the United States as well as a Parkinson's Disease study in Canada.

Phase 2
Recruiting

Peter S. Allen MRI Unit

Donald Gross, MD

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Image of Duke University Health Sustem in Durham, United States.

Factors Affecting Oxygen Toxicity

18 - 45
All Sexes
Durham, NC

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the mechanisms of oxygen toxicity in scuba divers. The main questions it aims to answer are: * How does the training of respiratory muscles affect oxygen toxicity? * How do environmental factors, such as sleep deprivation, the ingestion of commonly utilized medications, and chronic exposure to carbon dioxide, impact the risk of oxygen toxicity? * How does immersion in water affect the development of oxygen toxicity? Participants will be asked to do the following: * Undergo a basic screening exam composed of health history, vital signs, and some respiratory function tests * Train their respiratory muscles at regular intervals * Exercise on a cycle ergometer both in dry conditions and underwater/under pressure in the context of medication, sleep deprivation, or carbon dioxide exposure Researchers will compare the performance of each subject before and after the possible interventions described above to see if there are changes in exercise performance, respiratory function, cerebral blood flow, and levels of gene expression.

Recruiting
Has No Placebo

Duke University Health Sustem

Derek B Covington, MD

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