Cladribine

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Multiple Sclerosis + 3 more

Treatment

2 FDA approvals

20 Active Studies for Cladribine

What is Cladribine

Cladribine

The Generic name of this drug

Treatment Summary

An antineoplastic agent is a type of medication used to treat lymphoproliferative diseases, such as hairy-cell leukemia.

Leustatin

is the brand name

image of different drug pills on a surface

Cladribine Overview & Background

Brand Name

Generic Name

First FDA Approval

How many FDA approvals?

Leustatin

Cladribine

1993

13

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Cladribine, also called Leustatin, is approved by the FDA for 2 uses which include Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) and Hairy Cell Leukemia .

Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL)

Hairy Cell Leukemia

Effectiveness

How Cladribine Affects Patients

Cladribine is a chemical used to treat cancer. It is similar to another chemical, deoxyadenosine, but with an extra chlorine atom that makes it more powerful. Cladribine has a longer lasting effect than deoxyadenosine on resting and growing cells, and is part of a group of drugs called anti-metabolites. These drugs prevent cells from making and repairing their DNA, which stops cancer cells from growing and spreading.

How Cladribine works in the body

Cladribine works differently than other drugs. It is changed by an enzyme into a form that gets absorbed into DNA and stops it from copying. This causes cells, like lymphocytes, to break down and die. Cladribine affects resting and active cells, and it also stops DNA repair. It also binds to a protein called PNP, but we don't know how this affects its action.

When to interrupt dosage

The endorsed measure of Cladribine is subject to the diagnosed condition, for example Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Hairy Cell Leukemia and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. The quantity of dosage can be found in the table below, contingent upon the technique of delivery (e.g. Solution - Intravenous or Injection).

Condition

Dosage

Administration

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

, 1.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg, 2.0 mg/mL

Intravenous, Injection, , Injection - Intravenous, Solution, Solution - Intravenous, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Injection, solution - Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Multiple Sclerosis

, 1.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg, 2.0 mg/mL

Intravenous, Injection, , Injection - Intravenous, Solution, Solution - Intravenous, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Injection, solution - Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Diagnostic Imaging

, 1.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg, 2.0 mg/mL

Intravenous, Injection, , Injection - Intravenous, Solution, Solution - Intravenous, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Injection, solution - Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

, 1.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg, 2.0 mg/mL

Intravenous, Injection, , Injection - Intravenous, Solution, Solution - Intravenous, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Injection, solution - Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Hairy Cell Leukemia

, 1.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg, 2.0 mg/mL

Intravenous, Injection, , Injection - Intravenous, Solution, Solution - Intravenous, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Injection, solution - Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

CTAGE1 protein, human

, 1.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg, 2.0 mg/mL

Intravenous, Injection, , Injection - Intravenous, Solution, Solution - Intravenous, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Injection, solution - Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Warnings

There are 20 known major drug interactions with Cladribine.

Common Cladribine Drug Interactions

Drug Name

Risk Level

Description

2-Methoxyethanol

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cladribine is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol.

9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cladribine is combined with 9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A.

Abatacept

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cladribine is combined with Abatacept.

Abetimus

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cladribine is combined with Abetimus.

Acteoside

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cladribine is combined with Acteoside.

Cladribine Toxicity & Overdose Risk

Overdosing on Cisatracurium may lead to irreversible nerve damage, kidney damage, and decreased numbers of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Cladribine Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Cladribine?

At present, there are 380 ongoing trials investigating the potential of Cladribine to target CTAGE1 protein, human, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Condition

Clinical Trials

Trial Phases

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

142 Actively Recruiting

Phase 1, Phase 2, Not Applicable, Phase 3, Early Phase 1, Phase 4

CTAGE1 protein, human

13 Actively Recruiting

Phase 1, Not Applicable, Phase 2, Early Phase 1, Phase 3

Hairy Cell Leukemia

15 Actively Recruiting

Phase 2, Phase 1

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

115 Actively Recruiting

Phase 1, Phase 2, Not Applicable, Phase 3, Early Phase 1, Phase 4

Diagnostic Imaging

0 Actively Recruiting

Multiple Sclerosis

12 Actively Recruiting

Phase 3, Phase 4, Phase 2

Cladribine Reviews: What are patients saying about Cladribine?

5

Patient Review

11/14/2007

Cladribine for Type of Leukemia - Hairy Cell Leukemia

I found that I was getting very tired and my appetite decreased during the treatment, but a few days after finishing the fevers started. I had to stay in the hospital for 9 days as a result, which wasn't fun.

5

Patient Review

11/26/2009

Cladribine for Type of Leukemia - Hairy Cell Leukemia

After just one week of this treatment, there was zero leukemia cells found in my bone marrow. No other side effects either, which is amazing. I feel great again!

3.3

Patient Review

7/23/2020

Cladribine for Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms Return then Become Less Severe

It's not the easiest medication to take, in terms of both the physical act and waiting for it to 'kick in'. I don't find that it lasts as long as I would like, but it is effective while working. However, the symptoms come back relatively quickly after it wears off.

3

Patient Review

5/30/2012

Cladribine for Type of Leukemia - Hairy Cell Leukemia

The first treatment was an all-day drip for seven days straight in a hospital setting. The second treatment was five one-hour sessions done consecutively as an outpatient. As side effects, I experienced severe fever, chills, night sweats, fatigue, spleen pain and general discomfort.
image of drug pills surrounding a glass of water symbolizing drug consumption

Patient Q&A Section about cladribine

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

What is cladribine used for?

"This medication is used to treat hairy cell leukemia (a cancer of a certain type of white blood cell). It works by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells."

Answered by AI

What type of chemo is cladribine?

"How this drug works: Cladribine works by killing cancer cells or by stopping their growth.

Cladribine is an anti-cancer drug that kills cancer cells or prevents their growth."

Answered by AI

How does cladribine work in MS?

"This medication is used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. It is not a cure, but it is thought to work by preventing immune system cells from attacking the nerves in the brain and spinal cord. This may help to slow disease progression and reduce the severity of flare-ups."

Answered by AI

Is cladribine a chemotherapy?

"Cladribine is a chemotherapy drug that is mainly used to treat hairy cell leukemia, but it can also be used to treat other types of leukemia."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Cladribine

Image of Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center in Columbus, United States.

Ruxolitinib for T-Cell Lymphoma

18+
All Sexes
Columbus, OH

This phase II trial tests how well ruxolitinib as a maintenance medication works to prevent relapse and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) for patients who have undergone stem cell transplantation for T-cell lymphoma. GVHD is a common problem that may occur after a blood stem cell transplant. The "graft" is the donor blood cells that patients get during the transplant. The "host" is the person receiving the cells. GVHD is when the donor graft attacks and damages some of the transplant recipient's tissues. Ruxolitinib is a type of drug called a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor which works by decreasing the immune response of cells in the body. It is also a cancer growth blocker that blocks the growth factors that trigger the cancer cells to divide and grow. Ruxolitinib works by blocking a gene, called JAK2, that is important in the production of cancer cells.

Phase 2
Recruiting

Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Jonathan Brammer, MD

Incyte Corporation

Image of The University of Arizona Cancer Center in Tucson, United States.

DLI-X for Leukemia

Any Age
All Sexes
Tucson, AZ

The primary objective of this proposal is to conduct the first-in-human randomized clinical trial evaluating prophylactic DLI-X (pro-DLI-X) for relapse prevention following matched sibling donor (MSD) or haploidentical (haplo) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with hematologic malignancies. Additionally, the study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of therapeutic DLI-X (t-DLI-X) compared to t-DLI alone in patients with minimal residual disease (MRD+) or overt relapse post-alloHCT. For patients with CD19-positive lymphoid malignancies, the study will incorporate blinatumomab, while those with myeloid or CD19-negative lymphoid malignancies will receive t-DLI-X or t-DLI alone. We hypothesize that both pro-DLI-X and t-DLI-X, with or without blinatumomab, will demonstrate safety and superior efficacy by enhancing graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effects mediated by natural killer (NK) cells, γδ T cells, and CD8+ T cells, while maintaining manageable and treatment-responsive graft-versus-host disease (GvHD).

Phase 1
Waitlist Available

The University of Arizona Cancer Center

Emmanuel Katsanis, MD

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Image of University of California, San Diego in La Jolla, United States.

SB-4826 for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

18+
All Sexes
La Jolla, CA

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn what dose of the drug SB-4826 can be given safely in patients with solid tumors and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. This drug will be used alone in patients with solid tumors, and will be used alone or in combination with rituximab in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The main questions this clinical trial aims to answer are: What is the maximum dose of SB-4826 that can be used safely in patients with solid tumors and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and will it work? How does SB-4826 work in people with cancer? How is SB-4826 absorbed, broken down, and excreted by the body? Participants will: Take drug SB-4826 every other day for up to 1 year; keep a diary of when they take SB-4826 at home; visit the clinic for checkups, tests, and fill out study questionnaires.

Phase 1 & 2
Waitlist Available

University of California, San Diego

Peter Vu, MD

Image of City of Hope Medical Center in Duarte, United States.

Venetoclax + Obinutuzumab + Epcoritamab for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

18+
All Sexes
Duarte, CA

This phase II trial tests the effect of venetoclax and obinutuzumab followed by epcoritamab in treating patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) that have not previously received treatment. Venetoclax is in a class of medications called B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitors. It may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking Bcl-2, a protein needed for cancer cell survival. Obinutuzumab is a monoclonal antibody that may interfere with the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. A monoclonal antibody is a type of protein that can bind to certain targets in the body, such as molecules that cause the body to make an immune response (antigens). Epcoritamab, a bispecific monoclonal antibody, binds to a protein called CD3, which is found on T cells (a type of white blood cell). It also binds to a protein called CD20, which is found on B cells (another type of white blood cell) and some lymphoma cells. This may help the immune system kill cancer cells. The combination of venetoclax and obinutuzumab is a standard treatment for CLL/SLL and has been found to be safe and effective. Adding epcoritamab to standard treatment with venetoclax and obinutuzumab may lead to deeper and longer-lasting responses in patients with untreated CLL/SLL.

Phase 2
Recruiting

City of Hope Medical Center (+6 Sites)

Alexey V Danilov

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CCR4 CAR T Cells for T-Cell Lymphoma

18 - 120
All Sexes
Bethesda, MD

Background: Chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is a protein that is found on the surface of certain T-cell lymphoma cells and is common in mature T-cell cancers. White blood cells can be changed with molecules called anti-CCR4 to express a chimeric antigen receptors (CAR), which is a molecule that directs a white blood cell to attack other cells. The CAR in this study attacks the CCR4 protein found on your T-cell lymphoma. This type if therapy is called gene therapy. Gene therapy involves a person s own white blood cells modified to target cancer cells. More research is needed to find out if gene therapy can treat T-cell cancers and do it safely. Objective: To test safety of giving people with certain mature T-cell lymphomas their own white blood cells modified with anti-CCR-4 CAR. Eligibility: People aged 18 and older with certain mature T-cell lymphomas that have not responded to or have come back after treatment. They must have a T-cell lymphoma that has CCR4 on the surface of the cancer cells. Design: Participants will be screened. They will have a medical history and physical exam. Tests of blood, urine, and heart and lung function will be done. Participants will have tests: Computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging scans: They will lie on a table that slides into a donut-shaped machine or a tube. Pictures of the inside of the body will be taken. Before the PET scan, they will get an injection of radioactive fluid in a vein in the arm. Before the MRI, they may get a contrast dye injected through a vein (IV) in the arm. A biopsy of the tumor may be taken. A bone marrow sample may be taken from the hip: The area will be numbed and a large needle inserted through the skin. Leukapheresis will be done to obtain T-cells that will be genetically modified to express anti-CCR4 CARs on T-cells: Blood is drawn through an IV in one arm, circulated through a machine, and then returned through an IV in the other arm. Chemotherapy drugs will be given in an IV to prepare the body to accept the modified CAR T cells. The modified cells will be given in an IV. Participants will be followed for 15 years: This will require blood tests over the first 1-2 years followed by yearly visits and possibly telehealth updates....

Phase 1
Recruiting

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Samuel Y Ng, M.D.

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