Your session is about to expire
What is Glucophage Xr
MetforminThe Generic name of this drug
Treatment SummaryMetformin is a medication used to treat type II diabetes. It works by decreasing blood sugar levels without causing hypoglycemia. Metformin also helps to reduce insulin resistance and reduces fasting insulin levels. This medication can also help with weight loss in obese people with type II diabetes. It was first approved in Canada in 1972 and in the US in 1995 and is available in regular or extended-release forms.
Metformin Hydrochlorideis the brand name
Glucophage Xr Overview & Background
Brand Name
Generic Name
First FDA Approval
How many FDA approvals?
Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin
2002
1263
Approved as Treatment by the FDA
Metformin, otherwise known as Metformin Hydrochloride, is approved by the FDA for 16 uses which include Congestive Heart Failure and Physical Activity .Congestive Heart Failure
Used to treat Heart Failure in combination with Dapagliflozin
Physical Activity
Used to treat Exercise in combination with Dapagliflozin
Type 2 Diabetes
Used to treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in combination with Dapagliflozin
Hospitalizations
Used to treat Hospitalizations in combination with Dapagliflozin
Diet
Used to treat Diet in combination with Dapagliflozin
Type 1 Diabetes
Used to treat Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in combination with Sitagliptin
Chronic Kidney Disease
Used to treat Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in combination with Dapagliflozin
NYHA Functional Class II-IV Heart Failure
Used to treat NYHA Functional Class II-IV Heart Failure in combination with Dapagliflozin
Ejection fraction decreased
Used to treat Ejection fraction decreased in combination with Dapagliflozin
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Used to treat Diabetic Ketoacidosis in combination with Saxagliptin
uncontrolled diabetes
Used to treat uncontrolled diabetes in combination with Rosiglitazone
Cardiovascular Disease
Used to treat Cardiovascular Risk in combination with Dapagliflozin
Cardiovascular Diseases
Used to treat established cardiovascular disease in combination with Dapagliflozin
decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate
Used to treat decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate in combination with Dapagliflozin
Cardiovascular Mortality
Used to treat Cardiovascular Mortality in combination with Dapagliflozin
Kidney Failure
Used to treat End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in combination with Dapagliflozin
Effectiveness
How Glucophage Xr Affects PatientsInsulin helps to keep your blood glucose levels in balance. People with type 2 diabetes have a harder time processing insulin, which can cause their blood sugar levels to be too high. Metformin helps by decreasing the amount of glucose your liver makes, slowing down how much glucose is absorbed by your body, and making it easier for insulin to work. Metformin does not cause too much insulin to be released like some other diabetes treatments do. In a study, people taking metformin for 29 weeks had their fasting plasma glucose (blood sugar levels when not eating) drop by an average of 59 mg/dL, while those taking a
How Glucophage Xr works in the bodyMetformin works to lower blood sugar levels by decreasing the amount of sugar produced in the liver, reducing the amount of sugar absorbed from food, and improving the body’s sensitivity to insulin. Specifically, metformin accumulates in cells and the mitochondria, and inhibits a molecule called mitochondrial complex I. This prevents ATP production, leading to an increase in AMP:ATP ratios. This activates an enzyme called AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which helps regulate glucose metabolism. Metformin also inhibits _fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase_ and adenylate cyclase
When to interrupt dosage
The portion of Glucophage Xr is dependent upon the recognized condition, including Diet, insufficient answer to metformin and Diabetic Ketoacidosis. The measure fluctuates according to the strategy of delivery (e.g. Oral or Tablet - Oral) indicated in the table beneath.Condition
Dosage
Administration
decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Type 1 Diabetes
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Congestive Heart Failure
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Physical Activity
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Type 2 Diabetes
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Chronic Kidney Disease
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Kidney Failure
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Diet
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Hospitalizations
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Cardiovascular Disease
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Cardiovascular Mortality
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
inadequate response to metformin
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Ejection fraction decreased
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
NYHA Functional Class II-IV Heart Failure
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Cardiovascular Diseases
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
uncontrolled diabetes
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
diet and exercise not sufficient for diabetes control
500.0 mg, , 1000.0 mg, 750.0 mg, 850.0 mg, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg/mL, 660.0 mg, 780.0 mg
Oral, , Tablet, film coated, extended release, Tablet, film coated, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Kit, Solution, Solution - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, For suspension, extended release - Oral, For suspension, extended release, Kit - Oral
Warnings
Glucophage Xr has twenty contraindications, hence it should not be consumed for the situations indicated in the following table.Glucophage Xr ContraindicationsCondition
Risk Level
Notes
severe hepatic dysfunction
Do Not Combine
Impaired Renal Function
Do Not Combine
cardiovascular collapse
Do Not Combine
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Do Not Combine
Operative Surgery
Do Not Combine
Metabolic acidosis
Do Not Combine
cardiorespiratory insufficiency caused by Heart Failure
Do Not Combine
Impaired Renal Function
Do Not Combine
kidney function unknown
Do Not Combine
Hypovolemic Shock
Do Not Combine
serum creatinine above upper limit for age range
Do Not Combine
ethanol
Do Not Combine
Acute Coryza
Do Not Combine
Hypoxemia
Do Not Combine
Liver Failure
Do Not Combine
Lactic Acidosis
Do Not Combine
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Do Not Combine
Impaired Renal Function
Do Not Combine
estimated GFR <30mL/min
Do Not Combine
Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions
Do Not Combine
Metformin may interact with Pulse Frequency
Common Glucophage Xr Drug Interactions
Drug Name
Risk Level
Description
Abemaciclib
Major
The excretion of Abemaciclib can be decreased when combined with Metformin.
Procainamide
Major
The excretion of Procainamide can be decreased when combined with Metformin.
Topotecan
Major
The excretion of Topotecan can be decreased when combined with Metformin.
Abacavir
Minor
Metformin may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
Aclidinium
Minor
Metformin may decrease the excretion rate of Aclidinium which could result in a higher serum level.
Glucophage Xr Toxicity & Overdose RiskThe toxic dose of metformin in rats is 1g/kg when taken orally, 500mg/kg when taken intraperitoneally, and 300mg/kg when taken subcutaneously. The toxic dose in mice is 1450 mg/kg when taken orally, 420 mg/kg when taken intraperitoneally, and 225 mg/kg when taken subcutaneously. Taking too much metformin may increase the risk of lactic acidosis, which is characterized by high blood lactate levels, anion gap acidosis, and an increased lactate:pyruvate ratio. Risk factors for l
Glucophage Xr Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Glucophage Xr?
Currently, there are 346 active studies investigating the capacity of Glucophage XR to treat Type 2 Diabetes, Type 1 Diabetes, and lack of response to metformin.Condition
Clinical Trials
Trial Phases
inadequate response to metformin
0 Actively Recruiting
Type 1 Diabetes
143 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3, Phase 1, Early Phase 1, Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 4
Cardiovascular Disease
30 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 1, Early Phase 1, Phase 3, Phase 2
Type 2 Diabetes
192 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Not Applicable, Early Phase 1, Phase 1, Phase 4, Phase 3
Chronic Kidney Disease
115 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 4, Phase 3, Early Phase 1
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
9 Actively Recruiting
Phase 1, Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 3, Early Phase 1, Phase 4
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
3 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Early Phase 1, Not Applicable
decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate
0 Actively Recruiting
Kidney Failure
54 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3, Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 4, Not Applicable
Congestive Heart Failure
312 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Phase 3, Not Applicable, Phase 1, Early Phase 1, Phase 4
Diet
5 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable
uncontrolled diabetes
0 Actively Recruiting
NYHA Functional Class II-IV Heart Failure
0 Actively Recruiting
Ejection fraction decreased
0 Actively Recruiting
Hospitalizations
2 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable
Cardiovascular Diseases
0 Actively Recruiting
Physical Activity
39 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 1, Early Phase 1
Cardiovascular Mortality
0 Actively Recruiting
diet and exercise not sufficient for diabetes control
0 Actively Recruiting
Glucophage Xr Reviews: What are patients saying about Glucophage Xr?
5Patient Review
8/28/2010 I have been taking the generic form for months and have suffered diarrhea to the point that I'm leary of going out. It strikes fast and furious. I have been recently switched to Glucophage XR 500mg 2 2 times daily and it has calmed down. Problem, insurance won't pay for it and it's too expensive to buy.
5Patient Review
9/13/2010 I found this medication very easy to use and it gave me good control over my blood sugar levels.
5Patient Review
6/13/2012 This medication didn't have a huge impact on my blood sugar, but I did notice that while I was taking a break from it (for a CAT scan), my urinary incontinence disappeared. My doctor and I decided that it wasn't worth the tradeoff, so I stopped taking the drug and am now focusing on diet instead. So far, so good!
5Patient Review
5/4/2010 This medication sometimes gives me diarrhea, but I've also found that it increases my sex drive. I would recommend reading the leaflet from the pharmacy before starting this medication, as it contains a lot of useful information.
4.7Patient Review
6/27/2010 I've been on this medication for about a week. Unfortunately, I often wake up in the middle of the night to vomit and/or have diarrhea. I'm not sure if the cure is worse than the disease at this point.
4.7Patient Review
1/18/2015 I've been finding these tablets in my stool for a few months now. They don't seem to be digesting properly in my stomach. I'm also on insulin with the Glucophage. My doctor prescribed it like this. I've been diabetic type 1 for 16 years. Should I stop taking them? I did for 2 days and felt that my sugar levels stayed high.
4Patient Review
11/24/2010 This medication caused me to have lots of loose bowels.
4Patient Review
3/4/20093.3Patient Review
9/28/2016 I've been taking 500mg of this medication for eight months and have experienced several negative side effects, including bloating, loss of appetite, constipation, and weight loss.
3.3Patient Review
1/7/2011 After taking my 1500mg dose of this medication, I had a bowel movement and found two orange tablets in my stool. These were the size of the glucophage pills. Should I discontinue the medication? My fasting blood sugar is no higher than 118 and my HgbA1C is 5.4%.
3Patient Review
11/2/20092.7Patient Review
10/26/2010 Sometimes I experience severe diarrhea, but since combining this medication with diamicron, I have been doing much better.
2.7Patient Review
8/15/2011 I got severe diarrhea.
2.7Patient Review
8/5/2011 So far, so good.
2.3Patient Review
9/23/2013 I was hesitant to go on medication, but after a year of trying to control my blood sugar with diet alone and seeing little results, I decided to give it a try. I started taking 2000mg of Metformin XR daily, in two 500mg doses with breakfast and dinner. The results were remarkable – my blood sugar has been consistently between 100 and 125, and I've been able to add back nutritious foods to my diet. There were some mild side effects at first – nausea, bloating, gas, and belching – but they mostly went away after a week. Overall, I wish I had done this sooner
1.7Patient Review
6/8/2012 I felt nauseous and bloated when I first started taking this medication, but reducing the dosage helped. After a few days on a lower dose, I was able to increase it again and have been feeling better for the past two weeks.
Patient Q&A Section about glucophage xr
These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.What is the difference between metformin and Glucophage XR?
"Metformin ER is a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is the extended-release version of metformin and only needs to be taken once daily with food. The maximum total daily dose of metformin ER is 2000 mg. Metformin ER is only indicated for adults with type 2 diabetes."
Answered by AI
How quickly does Glucophage XR work?
"results are usually seen within 2 days of taking the medication, however timing varies depending on dosage. other diabetes medication work to increase insulin in the body, which can work faster to lower blood sugar levels."
Answered by AI
What is Glucophage XR used for?
"This medication is used to treat type 2 diabetes. By controlling high blood sugar levels, it helps to prevent damage to the kidneys, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also reduce your risk of having a heart attack or stroke."
Answered by AI
What are the side effects of Glucophage XR?
"Strong or unusual muscle pain, feeling cold, difficulty breathing, feeling dizzy or lightheaded, feeling very tired or weak, stomach pain, or vomiting, or a slow or irregular heart rate may be signs that something is wrong."
Answered by AI