Xifaxan

While the pathophysiology of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is complex and heterogeneous, dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is frequently observed, suggesting that a substantial subset of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have symptoms that are initiated and/or perpetuated by a microbiome dysfunction. Successful randomized controlled trials (RCT) for IBS-D (Ford 2018; Black 2022) leveraging microbiome-targeted therapies (antibiotics or low microbiome fermentation diets) suggest the gut microbiome is at least partially involved in IBS symptoms. Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for patients with IBS-D has demonstrated promising results (El-Salhy 2020), supporting the possibility that altering the microbiome composition could ameliorate IBS-D symptoms. MITI-001 is a transplantable gut bacterial community composed of 157 live bacterial strains, encompassing 79 genera of commensal bacteria, that have been isolated from healthy donor stool, purified, and banked. The hypothesis of the proposed research is that MITI-001 can target the pathophysiologic lesion in a subset of IBS-D patients, restore the altered microbial metabolic process, and thus alleviate IBS-D symptoms.

This is an open-label, single-arm, pharmacokinetic and safety study of Likmez® in pediatric patients aged 12 months to \<4 years with anaerobic bacterial infection

A Phase 1, Open-label, Single-dose Study to Determine the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Cefiderocol/Xeruborbactam (S-649228) in Participants with Renal Impairment

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the abilities of Cystatin C (CysC) and CysC-based estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) equations to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) profiles of meropenem and cefepime relative to Serum Creatinine (SCR), Serum Creatinine based Equation (SCRE)and iohexol at the population and individual levels in critically ill adult patients with suspected or documented AMR Gram-negative infections. We hypothesize that CysC and CysC-based eGFR equations will characterize the PK profiles of meropenem and cefepime at the population and individual levels with greater accuracy and precision than SCR and SCREs. Iohexol will be administered to patients enrolled in the study and serve as the reference indicator of measured Glomerular Filtration Rate (mGFR), which is the gold standard assessment of kidney function. We hypothesize that the predictive performances of CysC and CysC-based eGFR equations in estimating the PK profiles of meropenem and cefepime at the population and individual levels will be comparable to iohexol. The information obtained in this study will be used to develop PK/pharmacodynamics (PD) optimized meropenem and cefepime dosing schemes based on the renal function biomarker population PK (PopPK) model with the best predictive performance for clinical use in the treatment of critically ill adult patients with suspected or documented AMR Gram-negative infections and varying degrees of renal function. The primary objective of this study is to compare the abilities of renal function biomarkers (CysC, CysC-based eGFR equations, SCR, SCREs) relative to iohexol to characterize the PK profiles of meropenem and cefepime in critically ill adult patients with suspected or documented AMR Gram-negative infections.

The overall objective of the RESTORATiVE303 study is to evaluate the safety and the Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) recurrence rate at Week 8 in participants who receive a 14-day course of VE303 or matching placebo. The objectives and endpoints are identical for Stage 1 (recurrent CDI) and Stage 2 (high-risk primary CDI).

This clinical study aims to evaluate the use of i3.1 probiotic in participants who meet the Institute of Medicine (Canadian Consensus Criteria) case definition for ME/CFS and who may or may not be diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The main questions it aims to answer are: * how effective is the usage of the i3.1 probiotic to reduce gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation and normalize the GI and systemic/brain interface? * how well is it working on IBS severity? The study sample is 100 male and female participants aged 45 to 70 years with ME/CFS (per the Canadian Consensus Criteria); one-half of the participants will have co-morbid IBS (per Rome IV criteria). Participants will receive an i3.1 or a placebo and be assessed at baseline, at eight weeks, and at 12 weeks (four weeks post-treatment completion).

Cat bites are puncture wounds that have the potential to seed bacteria deep within the joint capsule, periosteum, and bone. The hand is the most common site of bite injuries. Pasteurella multocida is the is the most common organism isolated from the mouths of cats that can cause infections after a bite. Prophylactic antibiotics are often recommended with amoxicillin-clavulanate for 3-5 days to decrease the incidence of developing an infection. However, only one randomized controlled clinical trial consisting of 12 patients has been performed to justify this course of treatment, raising the possibility that the use of antibiotics could be reduced or even eliminated. Investigators will compare different durations of prophylactic antibiotics and a placebo control for cat bites to the hand/forearm presenting to the Emergency Department, Urgent Care, Plastic Surgery Clinic using a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Participants presenting to the University of Missouri Hospital Emergency Department, Missouri University (MU) Healthcare Urgent Care, Plastic Surgery Clinic over the next year will be offered the chance to enroll if they meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria. For inclusion, participants will be \>18 years of age, have cat bites to the hand or distal to elbow, and present within 24 hours of the cat bite injury. Participants must not present with active local or systemic infections, have received antibiotics within the past 30 days, or be immunocompromised (primary and secondary immunodeficiencies). Participants will be randomized to one of three treatment arms (placebo; amoxicillin-clavulanate 1 day; amoxicillin-clavulanate 5 days). Outcomes are the development of an infection at the location of the cat bite and/or systemic infection, adverse effects of interventions, disability assessed by Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) scores, and quality of life (QOL) assessed by HAND Questionnaire (HAND-Q) scores. Infection will be assessed at day 0, day 2, day 7+/-2, day 14+/-2, and day 30+/-2 by vital signs, laboratory values, physical examination and with an infrared and digital camera. All measures will be within the standard of care, apart from the infrared camera, QuickDASH, and HAND-Q scores. The anatomic locations of cat bites to the hand/forearm will be assessed for correlations with infections.

Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional bowel disorder that affects many Canadians. The syndrome involves abdominal pain and change in frequency or form of bowel movements, and these symptoms can lead to a decreased quality of life for patients. Primary care physicians are dissatisfied with current referral processes, and patients may wait a long time to receive the correct diagnosis. Diet is known to exacerbate symptoms of IBS. In Canada, accessing dietary treatment for IBS is a challenge due to lack of resources. Some patients lack access to dietary interventions, and others are given advice that is not evidenced based. Use of eHealth technology, such as virtual education delivered by a dietician, may allow for more widespread access to dietary interventions for IBS. Virtual education can include one on one dietary education, online group-based education, and the use of apps. Currently, there is a gap in knowledge whether dietary intervention for IBS, delivered virtually by a dietician, is effective in treating IBS.

A three month follow-up study to evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored anti-inflammatory eating plan guided by a registered dietitian to treat irritable bowel syndrome.

The purpose of this study is to study a radioactive tracer, a type of imaging drug that is injected into the body to see how it is taken up in sites of active infection using an imaging procedure called Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT).