Tetracyn

The primary objective of this randomized clinical trial is to determine whether repeat trichiasis surgery performed with Bevel-Rotate Advancement Procedure (B-RAP) improves surgical success compared to Bilamellar Tarsal Rotation (BLTR) among a group of 8-10 TT surgeons in Tanzania. The study aims to enroll 1,000 individuals with PTT. The primary outcome is repeat PTT within one year after surgery. Additionally, the study will assess eyelid contour abnormalities and how they change over a two-year period as well as patient reported outcomes. If this project is successful in improving surgical outcomes, it could change the approach to treating PTT globally. Individuals with trichiasis have a significantly reduced quality of life; correcting their trichiasis long-term has the potential to improve their quality of life and their family members' quality of life considerably.

Infections like pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infection (also called SSTI or cellulitis), and urinary tract infections (UTI) are some of the most common reasons children get admitted to the hospital. All three of these conditions require antibiotics for treatment. Although antibiotics are needed to treat the infection and help children feel better, taking them longer than needed can negatively impact children and their families. Negative impacts include things like the burdens of taking more medications and medication side effects. There are guidelines (instructions) from expert medical organizations that suggest the number of days children need antibiotics, but they give a wide range (between 5 and 14 days). Unfortunately, these guidelines are not based on high-quality studies. National data suggests that doctors often choose on the higher end of this range when writing prescriptions for children in the hospital. Our three caregiver co-investigators, other parents of hospitalized children, doctors, other care providers, and researchers, all believe that additional study is needed to determine the best length of antibiotic treatment that weighs both the benefits and harms of antibiotics. The goal of our study is to understand if 5 total days of antibiotic treatment compared to 10 total days of antibiotic treatment is better for children who have been in the hospital for pneumonia, SSTI, or UTI. We will study this question through a randomized control trial. In other words, half of the children will receive 5-days of antibiotics and the other half will receive 10-days of antibiotics. Children in this study (and their caregivers) will not know how many days of antibiotics they will receive to cure their infection because some children will take a placebo (or a pill without antibiotics in it). Only the pharmacy will know if a child is getting antibiotic or placebo (for days 6-10 of treatment). During the first phase of the trial (feasibility phase), 4 hospitals will enroll children in the study. We plan on enrolling 50 patients during this phase. We are starting with just 4 hospitals, so our study team can create and update our study plans if needed. We will closely review information about how many patients and families agree to participate, and if they have any trouble completing any part of the study. We will also interview families to understand the choice to participate in the study, the choice not to participate in the study, and what it is like to be in the study. During the second study phase, we will enroll 1150 more patients across all 11 hospitals. Families will complete short, daily surveys until the 15th day after they started antibiotics, then a larger survey at day 15, at day 20, and at day 30. These surveys will ask about the child's symptoms and recovery from their illness, how the antibiotics are making them feel, and if they had to go back to their doctor, emergency room, or hospital. The answers to these questions will be combined to measure how well the child did, balancing feeling better and having bad effects from the antibiotics. We will use mathematical tests to determine which antibiotic duration is better for treating these illnesses. We will complete other mathematical tests to see if all children should receive the same length of antibiotics or if certain children should be prescribed shorter courses and others longer courses.

This pilot study will compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with cefotetan versus standard of care antibiotics for bacteremia or genitourinary infections caused by E. coli. It will also measure cefotetan minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) distributions and cefotetan trough serum concentrations.

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether Lactobacillus crispatus strains isolated from the lower urinary tracts of adult women can be used as an antibiotic-sparing treatment for urinary symptoms and urinary tract infection (UTI) among adults with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD). The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: 1. To identify soluble bactericidal compounds produced by urinary isolates of L. crispatus that kill uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). 2. To determine if intravesical instillation of L. crispatus is safe and well tolerated in adults with NLUTD due to SCI who use intermittent catheterization (IC). If there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare L. Crispatus to standard care saline to see if there is a difference in urinary symptoms and urinary microbiome. Participants will be asked to complete daily symptom surveys, complete 2 bladder instillations, and collect, freeze, and return 14 urine samples.

Urine culture is the most common microbiological test in the outpatient setting in the United States. Unfortunately, contamination during collection is prevalent and undermines test accuracy, leading to incorrect diagnosis, unnecessary treatment, wasted laboratory resources, and inflated costs. Unnecessary antibiotic treatment increases the risk of developing antimicrobial resistance, one of the most serious threats to patients and public health. The goal of this clinical trial is to test whether a bilingual (English and Spanish) educational intervention, an animated video and pictorial flyer, can reduce urine culture contamination and associated inappropriate antibiotic use in adult patients visiting safety-net primary care clinics. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does providing patients with a bilingual educational intervention reduce urine culture contamination rates? 2. Does the intervention lead to fewer unnecessary urinary antibiotic prescriptions? 3. Does providing patients with a bilingual educational intervention reduce contaminated urinalyses? Researchers will compare patients randomized to receive the educational intervention (video and flyer) to those receiving usual care to see if the intervention improves urine collection accuracy and reduces inappropriate antibiotic use. Participants will watch a short, animated video with step-by-step instructions for proper midstream clean-catch urine (MSCC) collection, receive a pictorial flyer (with stills from the video) reinforcing the instructions, and provide a urine sample for culture. Hypothesis: patients who receive the educational intervention will have: lower urine culture contamination rates (primary outcome), fewer urinary antibiotic prescriptions (secondary outcome), and fewer contaminated urinalyses (secondary outcome). The objectives are to (1) develop educational tools: Create an animated video and pictorial flyer with step-by-step urine collection instructions for women and men, developed through an iterative, stakeholder-engaged process, (2) assess acceptability: Use mixed methods (quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews) to evaluate and refine the tools for usability and cultural/linguistic appropriateness, and (3) test effectiveness: Conduct a randomized controlled trial to assess the intervention's impact on urine contamination rates, antibiotic prescribing, and patient satisfaction.

H. pylori is an infection of the stomach that can cause chronic gastritis, gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease. The goal of this study is to screen people for this infection and offer treatment for those who test positive for the infection. By treating those who are positive for H. pylori, there is an opportunity to prevent gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and even gastric cancer.

This is an open-label, single-arm, pharmacokinetic and safety study of Likmez® in pediatric patients aged 12 months to \<4 years with anaerobic bacterial infection

At least ten percent of patients have postpartum urinary retention or difficulty urinating after birth, which can cause incontinence and other urinary problems long-term. After getting an epidural placed, patients should be numb in their pelvic region. This numbness makes it difficult to feel the need to urinate, so patients need a urinary catheter placed to empty the bladder. Some patients have one catheter placed throughout their labor and others have a catheter placed to empty the bladder then removed every few hours. The investigators are studying whether placing a catheter once or catheterizing multiple times affects the rate of postpartum urinary problems and infection.

A Phase 1, Open-label, Single-dose Study to Determine the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Cefiderocol/Xeruborbactam (S-649228) in Participants with Renal Impairment

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare methenamine hippurate prophylaxis to routine antibiotic prophylaxis following onabotulinumtoxinA (BOTOX-A) injections in women with overactive bladder (OAB). Participants will be randomly selected to receive one of the two post-procedural prophylaxis medications. The primary outcome measure will be urinary tract infection (UTI) rates within 30 days from the BOTOX-A procedure. Secondary outcomes will assess patient satisfaction with the two post-procedural prophylaxis medications.

The goal of this interventional study is to provide more access to STI testing for patients who seek abortion care through telemedicine, particularly for those whose access to STI testing is otherwise limited. The main questions it aims to answer are: What is the acceptability, feasibility, and utilization of self-collected STI screening at the time of telemedicine medication abortion provision? How does the uptake of such a service among patients receiving telemedicine abortion care compare to the population of patients who seek in-person medication abortion care? What are the positivity rates for STIs in among patients receiving telemedicine medication abortion care compared to the positivity rates for a contemporaneous, in-clinic population? What is the average time to between testing and treatment for patients who test positive for an STI using the self-collection service? Researchers will compare the intervention group to a contemporaneous, in-clinic population on uptake of STI screening, as well as on positivity rates for the STIs tested. Participants will be asked to perform self-swab collection for STI testing for gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomonas. They will be instructed to send their specimens to a lab using prepaid postage. Upon completion of sample collection and shipping, they will be asked to complete a survey assessing basic demographic information, as well as acceptability and feasibility of the intervention. Patients who test positive for an STI will be promptly provided/referred to treatment.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-month study to determine the effectiveness of D-mannose (2g daily) supplementation in rUTI (recurrent urinary tract infection) prevention in post-menopausal women.