Dimenhydrinate

Vertigo, Vertigo, Gastrointestinal distress + 12 more
Treatment
13 FDA approvals
20 Active Studies for Dimenhydrinate

What is Dimenhydrinate

DimenhydrinateThe Generic name of this drug
Treatment SummaryDimehydrinate is a medication that helps to prevent nausea, vomiting, and dizziness caused by motion sickness. It is a combination of an antihistamine called diphenhydramine and 8-chlorotheophylline in a salt form. It works by blocking histamine receptors in the vestibular system and blocking adenosine receptors. When taken in large doses, it can cause hallucinations, excitement, incoordination, and disorientation. Dimehydrinate was approved by the FDA in 1972.
Motion Sicknessis the brand name
image of different drug pills on a surface
Dimenhydrinate Overview & Background
Brand Name
Generic Name
First FDA Approval
How many FDA approvals?
Motion Sickness
Dimenhydrinate
1992
1

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Dimenhydrinate, also known as Motion Sickness, is approved by the FDA for 13 uses such as Nausea and Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) .
Nausea
Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)
Prevention of Nausea Associated With Motion Sickness
Motion Sickness
prophylaxis of radiation therapy induced nausea and vomiting
Labyrinthine disorder
Airsickness
radiation therapy induced nausea and vomiting
Nausea
Nausea
Labyrinthitis
Motion Sickness
Acrodynia

Effectiveness

How Dimenhydrinate Affects PatientsDimenhydrinate is a drug used to prevent and treat nausea, vomiting, or dizziness related to motion sickness. It works for 4-8 hours. Patients should be aware that this drug can cause drowsiness and should avoid drinking alcohol or taking other sedatives while taking it. People should also be careful when driving or operating heavy machinery.
How Dimenhydrinate works in the bodyDimenhydrinate works by combining two active ingredients, diphenhydramine and 8-chlorotheophylline. Diphenhydramine is thought to reduce dizziness by blocking certain receptors, while 8-chlorotheophylline may help to increase alertness by blocking adenosine receptors. The exact way these ingredients interact is not yet known.

When to interrupt dosage

The advised measure of Dimenhydrinate is contingent on the determined situation, including Acrodynia, Motion Sickness and Nausea. The quantity of dosage is subject to the system of delivery (e.g. Oral or Tablet, extended release) as detailed in the table hereunder.
Condition
Dosage
Administration
Vertigo
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Airsickness
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Motion Sickness
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Nausea and Vomiting
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Morning Sickness
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Nausea
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
radiation therapy induced nausea and vomiting
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Labyrinthitis
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Nausea
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Acrodynia
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Drug Allergy
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Vertigo
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Gastrointestinal distress
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Nausea
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral
Nausea
, 50.0 mg, 25.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 15.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 75.0 mg, 15.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Syrup, Syrup - Oral, Rectal, Suppository, Suppository - Rectal, Intramuscular, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular, Liquid, Liquid - Oral, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intravenous, Intravenous, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Tablet, multilayer, Tablet, multilayer - Oral, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Solution - Intravenous, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, extended release - Oral, Solution - Oral

Warnings

Dimenhydrinate Contraindications
Condition
Risk Level
Notes
Pulse Frequency
Do Not Combine
Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions
Do Not Combine
Dimenhydrinate may interact with Pulse Frequency
There are 20 known major drug interactions with Dimenhydrinate.
Common Dimenhydrinate Drug Interactions
Drug Name
Risk Level
Description
Amiodarone
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Dimenhydrinate is combined with Amiodarone.
Anagrelide
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Dimenhydrinate is combined with Anagrelide.
Arsenic trioxide
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Dimenhydrinate is combined with Arsenic trioxide.
Artemether
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Dimenhydrinate is combined with Artemether.
Asenapine
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Dimenhydrinate is combined with Asenapine.
Dimenhydrinate Toxicity & Overdose RiskAn overdose of quinine in infants and children may cause hallucinations, seizures, or death. Adults may experience drowsiness, seizures, a coma, or difficulty breathing. Treatment for overdoses of quinine involve providing supportive care and helping with ventilation. The toxic dose of quinine in mice is 203mg/kg when taken orally and 149mg/kg when injected in the abdomen. In rats, the toxic dose is 1320mg/kg when taken orally.
image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Dimenhydrinate Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Dimenhydrinate?

113 active trials are currently investigating the potential of Dimenhydrinate in alleviating Radiation Therapy induced Nausea and Vomiting, Labyrinthine Dysfunction, and Morning Sickness.
Condition
Clinical Trials
Trial Phases
Nausea and Vomiting
5 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Phase 3, Not Applicable
Morning Sickness
1 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3
Nausea
0 Actively Recruiting
Drug Allergy
2 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Phase 4
Nausea
0 Actively Recruiting
radiation therapy induced nausea and vomiting
0 Actively Recruiting
Vertigo
5 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 2
Vertigo
3 Actively Recruiting
Phase 4, Not Applicable
Nausea
0 Actively Recruiting
Gastrointestinal distress
7 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Phase 1, Phase 3, Early Phase 1, Not Applicable
Airsickness
4 Actively Recruiting
Phase 1, Not Applicable
Labyrinthitis
0 Actively Recruiting
Nausea
5 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Phase 3, Not Applicable, Phase 4
Acrodynia
2 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Phase 3
Motion Sickness
0 Actively Recruiting

Dimenhydrinate Reviews: What are patients saying about Dimenhydrinate?

5Patient Review
7/22/2016
Dimenhydrinate for Motion Sickness
I use this product to help me with travel anxiety. It's really effective when taken 30 minutes before the event (be it a car ride or plane flight). I find that it also helps me in general stressors and situations which would normally trigger my anxiety.
5Patient Review
7/27/2008
Dimenhydrinate for Feel Like Throwing Up
This drug is effective and has the added bonus of making me drowsy.
4.7Patient Review
4/4/2012
Dimenhydrinate for Motion Sickness
A couple years ago, I tried Dramamine before riding roller coasters at an amusement park and it really worked well for me. I usually get motion sickness easily, but I felt noticeably better throughout the day and after riding the coasters. next time i think i will try the less drowsy formula (meclizine).
4.7Patient Review
11/29/2010
Dimenhydrinate for Sensation of Spinning or Whirling
I had been feeling really off balance and unsteady, to the point where I was constantly nauseous and vomiting. Thankfully, my doctor diagnosed me with vertigo and prescribed dimenhydrinate. Since treatment, I haven't experienced any of those awful symptoms! I'm so grateful to be able to go about my life without that constant discomfort.
4.3Patient Review
4/5/2012
Dimenhydrinate for Disease with Hearing Loss, Ringing in the Ears & Dizziness
This tablet has been a godsend during my vertigo attacks. Usually, I see a significant decrease in the intensity of the vertigo within an hour of taking it.
image of drug pills surrounding a glass of water symbolizing drug consumption

Patient Q&A Section about dimenhydrinate

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

Is dimenhydrinate sedative?

"Dimenhydrinate is a medication that is available in various over-the-counter preparations. The most common side effect associated with its use is sedation."

Answered by AI

Does dimenhydrinate 50 mg make you sleepy?

"Dimenhydrinate is a medication that is used to prevent and treat nausea, vomiting, and dizziness from motion sickness. It is a first-choice option for this purpose, but it can make you very sleepy."

Answered by AI

Is dimenhydrinate Benadryl?

"Antihistamines work by blocking a natural substance called histamine that your body produces.

Dimenhydrinate is not a single drug, but a combination of two drugs, each making up around half of a dose. The two drugs are: Diphenhydramine: This antihistamine is best known as the main ingredient in Benadryl. Antihistamines work by blocking histamine, a natural substance produced by the body."

Answered by AI

What is dimenhydrinate used for?

"Dimenhydrinate is a medication used to prevent and treat nausea, vomiting, and dizziness caused by motion sickness. Dimenhydrinate is an antihistamine, which works by preventing problems with body balance."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Dimenhydrinate

Have you considered Dimenhydrinate clinical trials? We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Dimenhydrinate, we think they might fit your search criteria.
Have you considered Dimenhydrinate clinical trials? We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Dimenhydrinate, we think they might fit your search criteria.
Have you considered Dimenhydrinate clinical trials? We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Dimenhydrinate, we think they might fit your search criteria.
Unbiased ResultsWe believe in providing patients with all the options.
Your Data Stays Your DataWe only share your information with the clinical trials you're trying to access.
Verified Trials OnlyAll of our trials are run by licensed doctors, researchers, and healthcare companies.
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