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What is Chloroquine Phosphate
ChloroquineThe Generic name of this drug
Treatment SummaryChloroquine is a medication that was originally developed in the 1940s to treat malaria. It was the go-to treatment until more effective drugs such as pyrimethamine, artemisinin, and mefloquine were invented. In recent years, chloroquine and its derivative hydroxychloroquine have been used to treat other conditions such as HIV, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis. In 2020, the FDA revoked its emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. Chloroquine was first approved by the FDA in
Aralenis the brand name
Chloroquine Phosphate Overview & Background
Brand Name
Generic Name
First FDA Approval
How many FDA approvals?
Aralen
Chloroquine
1972
22
Approved as Treatment by the FDA
Chloroquine, also called Aralen, is approved by the FDA for 4 uses which include prophylaxis of Malaria and acute, uncomplicated Malaria .prophylaxis of Malaria
acute, uncomplicated Malaria
Extraintestinal Amebiasis
Malaria
Effectiveness
How Chloroquine Phosphate Affects PatientsChloroquine stops the production of a toxic compound in the _Plasmodium_ species, which can stay in the body for up to 60 days. People taking chloroquine long term or in high doses may experience vision problems, muscle weakness, and toxicity in children, so they should be warned about these potential side effects.
How Chloroquine Phosphate works in the bodyChloroquine stops the growth of malaria by preventing the parasite from converting heme into hemazoin. The drug moves through cell walls, enters organelles like endosomes and lysosomes, and becomes protonated, trapping it in these organelles. This raises the pH levels and stops viruses from fusing and entering the cell. It also blocks the glycosylation of ACE2, a receptor that SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 use to enter cells. This makes it harder for the virus to interact with the spike protein, which prevents it from entering the cell.
When to interrupt dosage
The proposed measure of Chloroquine Phosphate is dependent upon the indicated condition, including Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Actinic prurigo and acute, uncomplicated Malaria. The amount of dosage is contingent upon the method of administration, as featured in the table below.Condition
Dosage
Administration
Rheumatoid Arthritis
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
Sarcoidosis
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
Extraintestinal Amebiasis
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
prophylaxis of Malaria
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
acute, uncomplicated Malaria
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
Actinic prurigo
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
Malaria
, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral
Warnings
Chloroquine Phosphate ContraindicationsCondition
Risk Level
Notes
visual field changes
Do Not Combine
retinal changes
Do Not Combine
Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions
Do Not Combine
Chloroquine may interact with Pulse Frequency
Common Chloroquine Phosphate Drug Interactions
Drug Name
Risk Level
Description
Acepromazine
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Acepromazine.
Aceprometazine
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Aceprometazine.
Acetophenazine
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Acetophenazine.
Agalsidase beta
Major
The therapeutic efficacy of Agalsidase beta can be decreased when used in combination with Chloroquine.
Alimemazine
Major
The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Alimemazine.
Chloroquine Phosphate Toxicity & Overdose RiskSigns of overdosing on this drug include headaches, drowsiness, vision problems, nausea, vomiting, shock, seizures, difficulty breathing, heart failure, and low potassium levels. Treatment for this drug overdose includes inducing vomiting, stomach pumping, and administering activated charcoal.
Chloroquine Phosphate Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Chloroquine Phosphate?
Currently, 92 active trials are assessing the utility of Chloroquine Phosphate in providing relief for Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Malaria prophylaxis.Condition
Clinical Trials
Trial Phases
Rheumatoid Arthritis
62 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 4, Phase 3, Phase 2, Phase 1
Sarcoidosis
17 Actively Recruiting
Phase 4, Not Applicable, Phase 3, Phase 2, Phase 1
Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid
2 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2
Extraintestinal Amebiasis
0 Actively Recruiting
Actinic prurigo
0 Actively Recruiting
prophylaxis of Malaria
0 Actively Recruiting
acute, uncomplicated Malaria
0 Actively Recruiting
Malaria
0 Actively Recruiting
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
0 Actively Recruiting
Chloroquine Phosphate Reviews: What are patients saying about Chloroquine Phosphate?
3Patient Review
3/16/2010 This treatment really helped me. I'm grateful for modern medicine.
Patient Q&A Section about chloroquine phosphate
These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.What are the side effects of chloroquine phosphate?
"You may have a headache, nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, upset stomach, stomach pain, rash, or itching."
Answered by AI
What is chloroquine phosphate used for?
"Chloroquine phosphate is a medicine used to prevent or treat certain types of malaria and to treat some types of extraintestinal amoeba infections. It is sold under the brand name Aralen, and it is also available in generic form."
Answered by AI
What is the main side effect of chloroquine?
"The most common side effects of chloroquine are nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach cramps and headache. Less common side effects include changes in mood or behaviour, hair loss and skin rashes."
Answered by AI
Is it safe to take chloroquine phosphate?
"If you take this medicine for a long time, it may make your muscles weak. Talk to your doctor right away if you have muscle weakness while using this medicine. This medicine is very dangerous for children, and even a small amount can lead to an overdose. Keep this medicine away from children."
Answered by AI