Plaquenil

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Q Fever, Malaria + 7 more

Treatment

14 FDA approvals

20 Active Studies for Plaquenil

What is Plaquenil

Hydroxychloroquine

The Generic name of this drug

Treatment Summary

Hydroxychloroquine is a medication used to treat and prevent malaria. It is also used to treat autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine was developed during World War II as a less severe alternative to quinacrine, and was approved by the FDA in 1955. In 2020, the FDA revoked its emergency use authorization for the treatment of COVID-19 due to a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine.

Plaquenil

is the brand name

image of different drug pills on a surface

Plaquenil Overview & Background

Brand Name

Generic Name

First FDA Approval

How many FDA approvals?

Plaquenil

Hydroxychloroquine

1955

107

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Hydroxychloroquine, also known as Plaquenil, is approved by the FDA for 14 uses which include Lupus and Malaria .

Lupus

Malaria

Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid

Malaria

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Helps manage Rheumatoid Arthritis

Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)

Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium Vivax

Plasmodium Infections

Malaria

Malaria

Malaria

Effectiveness

How Plaquenil Affects Patients

Hydroxychloroquine affects the functioning of a certain cell structure in humans and malaria. This alters the pH of the cells, which can help treat autoimmune diseases and makes it harder for malaria to get energy from hemoglobin. Hydroxychloroquine is generally taken once a week, but people with diabetes should keep track of their blood sugar levels as it can cause low blood sugar. It is not effective against malaria in areas where chloroquine resistance has been reported.

How Plaquenil works in the body

Hydroxychloroquine works in a few different ways to fight against malaria and other viruses. It accumulates in the parasite's lysosomes, which raises the acidity and makes it harder for the parasite to feed on hemoglobin. It can also block the action of the parasite's heme polymerase. In humans, the drug raises acidity in cells, preventing them from presenting antigens to autoimmune cells. It also reduces the release of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, it raises acidity in endosomes, which blocks viruses from fusing and entering cells. Finally, it prevents the glycosylation of ACE

When to interrupt dosage

The suggested measure of Plaquenil is contingent upon the recognized ailment, including Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid, Sjögren's Syndrome and Malaria. The dosage likewise fluctuates as per the technique of administration (e.g. Oral or Tablet) outlined in the table beneath.

Condition

Dosage

Administration

Q Fever

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Rheumatoid Arthritis

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Lupus

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral, Tablet, coated

Warnings

Plaquenil Contraindications

Condition

Risk Level

Notes

Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions

Do Not Combine

Hydroxychloroquine may interact with Pulse Frequency

There are 20 known major drug interactions with Plaquenil.

Common Plaquenil Drug Interactions

Drug Name

Risk Level

Description

2-Methoxyethanol

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroxychloroquine is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol.

7-Nitroindazole

Major

The therapeutic efficacy of 7-Nitroindazole can be decreased when used in combination with Hydroxychloroquine.

9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroxychloroquine is combined with 9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A.

Abetimus

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroxychloroquine is combined with Abetimus.

Acebutolol

Major

The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be decreased when Hydroxychloroquine is combined with Acebutolol.

Plaquenil Toxicity & Overdose Risk

An overdose of hydroxychloroquine can result in headache, drowsiness, vision problems, extreme fatigue, low potassium levels, and abnormal heart rhythms. To treat the overdose, a person should receive activated charcoal at least five times the dose of hydroxychloroquine within 30 minutes and may additionally receive Diazepam, blood transfusions, fluids, and ammonium chloride to help excrete the drug. They may also receive epinephrine if necessary. Patients should be monitored for at least 6 hours after treatment.

image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Plaquenil Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Plaquenil?

There are 141 ongoing clinical trials to determine the effectiveness of Plaquenil in treating Rheumatoid Arthritis, Q Fever and Porphyria Cutanea Tarda.

Condition

Clinical Trials

Trial Phases

Lupus

65 Actively Recruiting

Phase 2, Not Applicable, Phase 1, Phase 3, Phase 4, Early Phase 1

Q Fever

0 Actively Recruiting

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid

9 Actively Recruiting

Phase 2, Phase 3, Phase 1

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Rheumatoid Arthritis

58 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Phase 3, Phase 2, Phase 1, Phase 4

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

0 Actively Recruiting

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Plaquenil Reviews: What are patients saying about Plaquenil?

5

Patient Review

1/1/2018

Plaquenil for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

I had a serious reaction to this drug. My body broke out in hives, then turned purple, and I looked like a giant bruise. Then it peeled- there was not a spot on my body that did not peel. I retained water, my legs and arms swelled causing major blisters that left permanent scars on my legs, and I also had hair loss. This caused me to miss 3 weeks of work- it was a HORRIBLE experience.

4.7

Patient Review

3/19/2018

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

I implore you to not be scared off by the potential side effects you might read about online. This drug completely changed my life for the better; it saved me from a lot of pain and suffering. Yes, there can be some gastrointestinal issues at first, but they're nothing that time and patience can't fix.

4

Patient Review

8/29/2018

Plaquenil for Malaria caused by the Protozoa Plasmodium Vivax

I've been taking this medication for five months to help manage my mild RA. I'm glad to report that it's helped reduce my pain and morning stiffness significantly.

3.7

Patient Review

7/21/2019

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

This medication has helped me with my joint pain, however I've been having issues with my eyes every two to three weeks. They get red and itchy, and the light really bothers them. My doctor says it's allergy related.

3.7

Patient Review

4/22/2017

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

This medication is decreasing the inflammation and pain I was experiencing. At first, my doctor said to take it in the morning after breakfast but that made me too nauseous because there wasn't enough food in my system. So, I switched to taking it after dinner instead and haven't had any problems since. Additionally, it's cleared up scabs on my arms that wouldn't heal for years. So far so good--no hair loss yet either but I've only been on the medication for one month.

3.7

Patient Review

1/15/2017

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

3.3

Patient Review

3/18/2018

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

My daughter was diagnosed with Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis and prescribed Plaquenil. It helped her pain and swelling a lot, but has also suppressed her immune system, resulting in some secondary infections. All things considered, we're pretty satisfied.

3

Patient Review

8/21/2019

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

I've been taking this medication for a few months now, but I still struggle with stiffness in my fingers and joints. Additionally, it takes a little while for the medicine to "kick in."

2.3

Patient Review

1/2/2017

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

2

Patient Review

8/5/2020

Plaquenil for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

My wife started having vision problems after being on this drug for eighteen months. She is now legally blind with just some periphial vision left.

2

Patient Review

10/3/2017

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

I experienced too many side effects with this treatment.

2

Patient Review

9/3/2018

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

The lack of versatility in dosage was frustrating, as I needed a different amount than what this came in.
image of drug pills surrounding a glass of water symbolizing drug consumption

Patient Q&A Section about plaquenil

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

Is Plaquenil a steroid?

"Plaquenil falls into a group of drugs called disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which are used to decrease inflammation that does the damage in many types of arthritis."

Answered by AI

What are the most common side effects of Plaquenil?

"You could experience some side effects from taking this medication, such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, dizziness, or headache. If any of these effects last or get worse, let your doctor or pharmacist know. Keep in mind that your doctor prescribed this medication because they believe the benefits to you are greater than any potential risks of side effects."

Answered by AI

What does Plaquenil do to the eyes?

"Plaquenil interferes with retinal pigment cells, which can result in blurry or distorted vision. In severe cases, the macula (the central part of the retina that provides clear vision) may be completely destroyed."

Answered by AI

What is Plaquenil prescribed for?

"Hydroxychloroquine is a drug that is used to prevent and treat malaria. It is classified as a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD). DMARDs are drugs that can decrease the pain and swelling of arthritis, as well as prevent joint damage and reduce the risk of long-term disability."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Plaquenil

Have you considered Plaquenil clinical trials?

We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Plaquenil, we think they might fit your search criteria.
Go to Trials
Image of Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, Canada.

Steroids for Rheumatoid Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
Toronto, Canada

People living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often experience flares-periods where their symptoms suddenly get worse. These flares can cause significant pain, make it harder to move and do daily activities, and lower overall quality of life. Doctors often treat flares with medications called glucocorticoids (GCs), which reduce inflammation. These medications can be taken by mouth (oral/PO) or given as a single injection into the muscle (intramuscular/IM). However, it's not clear which option works better from the patient's point of view-especially when it comes to relief of symptoms, improvements in function, and satisfaction with treatment. Most research so far has focused on how well the drugs control the disease, rather than how they impact the patient's overall experience. Research Questions: 1. Does a single GC injection work just as well as taking pills over a few weeks in improving symptoms reported by patients? 2. How do the two treatments compare in terms of symptom relief, ability to function, and patient satisfaction? 3. What do patients think and feel about using GCs to treat RA flares? What the Investigators Think: The investigators believe that a one-time GC injection is just as good as taking pills for a few weeks when it comes to managing RA flares. In fact, the injection might even be safer and preferred by patients. What the Investigators are Doing: The investigators will study 220 adults with RA who are currently having a flare (with at least 3 swollen and tender joints). These patients will be recruited from rheumatology clinics at the University of Toronto and must not have used GCs in the past month. They will be randomly assigned to receive either: A single injection (Methylprednisolone 120 mg), or Oral pills (Prednisone starting at 15 mg daily and tapering down over 3 weeks). The main thing the investigators will look at is how much better patients feel after 6 weeks, based on a questionnaire designed to measure RA flares. The investigators will also look at how well they function, how satisfied they are with the treatment, and whether they had any side effects. In addition, 20 patients (10 from each group) will be interviewed to understand their experiences and opinions about flare treatment in more detail. Why This Is Possible: The investigators have already surveyed University of Toronto rheumatologists who support the idea and provided input on study design. The investigators have also partnered with experts in research methods, national arthritis organizations, and patient groups to make sure the study is relevant and meaningful. Ethics approval has been obtained. Why It Matters: RA flares can have a major impact on people's lives. While current treatments help control inflammation, the investigators need to better understand how these treatments affect people from their own perspective. This study will shift the focus to what matters most to patients, helping doctors and patients choose the best treatment based not only on medical results but also on the patient's experience. This could lead to more effective and personalized care for people living with RA.

Phase 4
Waitlist Available

Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (+4 Sites)

Image of Weill Cornell Medical College in New York, United States.

Health Coaching for Rheumatoid Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
New York, NY

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if peer coaching works to reduce levels of anxiety and/or depression in adults diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The main questions it aims to answer are: Do people with RA who complete the intervention with a peer coach have lower levels of anxiety and/or depression at 6 months from baseline? Do people with RA who complete the intervention with a peer coach have lower levels of anxiety and/or depression at 6 months compared to those in the control arm? Researchers will compare the peer coaching intervention to an active-control arm (where people without RA coach participants on general health and nutrition topics) to see if peer coaching works to reduce anxiety and/or depression. Participants will meet with a coach every week for 9 weeks and complete several surveys before, during and after the intervention

Recruiting
Has No Placebo

Weill Cornell Medical College

Iris Y Navarro-Millán, MD

Bristol-Myers Squibb

Image of Humana Healthcare Research, Inc. in Louisville, United States.

Academic Detailing for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Any Age
All Sexes
Louisville, KY

The goal of this trial is to learn if an interactive evidence-based educational outreach visits to clinicians who prescribe biologics change prescribing of biosimilar medications. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Do educational outreach visits lead to a higher number of prescriptions for biosimilar versions of adalimumab? 2. Do in-person or virtual visits work better? Researchers will compare clinicians offered the educational outreach visit to those who are not offered the visit to see if there is a difference in prescribing of biosimilar versions of adalimumab instead of the original brand-name version. Participants will be offered the chance to meet with a trained clinician who will provide educational information tailored to their knowledge and attitudes on the topic. They will also be provided an educational brochure and patient educational materials.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

Humana Healthcare Research, Inc. (+1 Sites)

Have you considered Plaquenil clinical trials?

We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Plaquenil, we think they might fit your search criteria.
Go to Trials

Have you considered Plaquenil clinical trials?

We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Plaquenil, we think they might fit your search criteria.
Go to Trials