Imuran

Lupus Nephritis, Pericarditis, Uveitis + 5 more
Treatment
3 FDA approvals
20 Active Studies for Imuran

What is Imuran

AzathioprineThe Generic name of this drug
Treatment SummaryAzathioprine is a drug used to treat inflammation and suppress the immune system. It was first created in 1956 and has been used to treat conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and to help prevent organ rejection in kidney transplant patients. Azathioprine is approved by the FDA and has been used since 1968.
Imuranis the brand name
image of different drug pills on a surface
Imuran Overview & Background
Brand Name
Generic Name
First FDA Approval
How many FDA approvals?
Imuran
Azathioprine
1968
50

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Azathioprine, otherwise called Imuran, is approved by the FDA for 3 uses like Kidney Transplant Rejection and Rheumatoid Arthritis .
Kidney Transplant Rejection
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Kidney Transplantation

Effectiveness

How Imuran Affects PatientsAzathioprine is a drug that lowers the body's natural immunity. It should be taken daily and should be used with caution, as it has a small margin of safety. People taking this drug should be aware of the possible risks of developing skin cancer or lymphoma.
How Imuran works in the bodyAzathioprine stops cells from making certain molecules that are necessary for the body's immune system. It also makes it harder for B and T cells to survive. A molecule made by the body when azathioprine is taken, 6-thioguanine triphosphate, also stops these cells from staying alive. This is thought to be due to a protein called rac1, which works with NF-kappaB to control the immune system.

When to interrupt dosage

The suggested measure of Imuran is contingent upon the determined ailment, including Atopic Dermatitis, Kidney Transplantation and Crohn's Disease. The amount as well depends on the mode of delivery (e.g. Tablet, film coated - Oral or Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous) featured in the table beneath.
Condition
Dosage
Administration
Lupus Nephritis
50.0 mg, , 75.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 10.0 mg/mL, 25.0 mg, 100.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Intravenous, Powder, for solution, Powder, for solution - Intravenous, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Suspension - Oral, Suspension
Pericarditis
50.0 mg, , 75.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 10.0 mg/mL, 25.0 mg, 100.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Intravenous, Powder, for solution, Powder, for solution - Intravenous, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Suspension - Oral, Suspension
Uveitis
50.0 mg, , 75.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 10.0 mg/mL, 25.0 mg, 100.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Intravenous, Powder, for solution, Powder, for solution - Intravenous, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Suspension - Oral, Suspension
Kidney Transplantation
50.0 mg, , 75.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 10.0 mg/mL, 25.0 mg, 100.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Intravenous, Powder, for solution, Powder, for solution - Intravenous, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Suspension - Oral, Suspension
Multiple Sclerosis
50.0 mg, , 75.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 10.0 mg/mL, 25.0 mg, 100.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Intravenous, Powder, for solution, Powder, for solution - Intravenous, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Suspension - Oral, Suspension
Rheumatoid Arthritis
50.0 mg, , 75.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 10.0 mg/mL, 25.0 mg, 100.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Intravenous, Powder, for solution, Powder, for solution - Intravenous, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Suspension - Oral, Suspension
Crohn's Disease
50.0 mg, , 75.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 10.0 mg/mL, 25.0 mg, 100.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Intravenous, Powder, for solution, Powder, for solution - Intravenous, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Suspension - Oral, Suspension
Psoriasis
50.0 mg, , 75.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 10.0 mg/mL, 25.0 mg, 100.0 mg/mL
, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Intravenous, Powder, for solution, Powder, for solution - Intravenous, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution - Intravenous, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Suspension - Oral, Suspension

Warnings

Imuran Contraindications
Condition
Risk Level
Notes
Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions
Do Not Combine
Azathioprine may interact with Pulse Frequency
Alkylating Agents
Do Not Combine
There are 20 known major drug interactions with Imuran.
Common Imuran Drug Interactions
Drug Name
Risk Level
Description
2-Methoxyethanol
Major
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azathioprine is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol.
9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A
Major
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azathioprine is combined with 9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A.
Abetimus
Major
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azathioprine is combined with Abetimus.
Acteoside
Major
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azathioprine is combined with Acteoside.
Aldosterone
Major
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azathioprine is combined with Aldosterone.
Imuran Toxicity & Overdose RiskThe lowest toxic dose of a drug in mice is 2500mg/kg and 400mg/kg in rats. Overdosing on the drug can lead to a reduced number of cells in the bone marrow, bleeding, and infection, which can eventually cause death. Treatments include supportive and symptomatic treatments as well as hemodialysis, which can remove 45% of the drug from the bloodstream.
image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Imuran Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Imuran?

There are 430 active trials currently assessing the potential of Imuran to manage Rejection; Transplant, Kidney, Uveitis and Crohn's Disease.
Condition
Clinical Trials
Trial Phases
Crohn's Disease
54 Actively Recruiting
Phase 1, Phase 2, Not Applicable, Phase 3, Phase 4, Early Phase 1
Rheumatoid Arthritis
54 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 4, Phase 3, Phase 2, Phase 1
Lupus Nephritis
24 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3, Phase 2, Phase 1, Phase 4
Pericarditis
1 Actively Recruiting
Phase 2, Phase 3
Kidney Transplantation
0 Actively Recruiting
Uveitis
3 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 3
Multiple Sclerosis
127 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3, Not Applicable, Phase 4, Phase 2, Phase 1, Early Phase 1
Psoriasis
0 Actively Recruiting

Imuran Reviews: What are patients saying about Imuran?

5Patient Review
3/4/2016
Imuran for Ulcerated Colon
Ulcerative proctitis was my diagnosis in 1985, which then progressed to UC in 2012. I tried various treatments like canasa, anusol, budesonide, uceris, and more; none of them helped much. However, once I started Imuran (100mg daily) about 15 months ago in addition to Lialda, I've been in remission for the most part. This has improved my quality of life immensely--I almost feel normal again!
5Patient Review
10/6/2017
Imuran for Ulcerated Colon
I've had Ulcerative Colitis for six years now. Prednisone helped to get things under control, and Imuran has been a really stable medication during my remission. I've been using it for three years with no known side effects, which is great.
5Patient Review
4/17/2014
Imuran for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Imuran finally allowed me to get a clean colonoscopy after fifteen years of struggling with UC. I've also been able to go for runs without flareups for the first time in years, which is amazing. The only downside is that I sometimes experience some joint pain in my hips afterwards; however, this could just be due to the fact that I'm 50 years old and not necessarily related to the Imuran.
5Patient Review
3/1/2015
Imuran for Ulcerated Colon
This drug was my last hope, and it really worked. I had tried everything else before this, and nothing helped.
4.7Patient Review
11/4/2015
Imuran for Prevent Kidney Transplant Rejection
I've been on imuran for 32 years to prevent organ rejection, and it's definitely effective. The only downside is that I've developed 7 skin cancers and my skin is looking increasingly brown and spotted. My dermatologist says this isn't from the imuran, but I'm not so sure.
4.7Patient Review
11/11/2015
Imuran for Crohn's Disease
I've been on imuran since 2006 and it's been great. I haven't had any issues except for some diarrhea and short gut B-12 deficiency, but I think that has more to do with the surgery than the Imuran. This is by far the best stretch of time I've had since being diagnosed in 1968.
4.7Patient Review
2/5/2016
Imuran for Prevent Kidney Transplant Rejection
I've been taking Imuran for over 35 years in conjunction with Prednisone. It's been effective for me, even though I've had to deal with treatable skin cancers a few times.
4.7Patient Review
8/22/2015
Imuran for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
I've been managing my lupus with this medication for a while now, and it seems to help. I'm always a little worried about potential side effects, but so far so good.
3.3Patient Review
5/13/2017
Imuran for Crohn's Disease
I started to experience some negative side effects after just a few days of taking the 50mg dosage. These included abdominal pain and swelling, red blotches on my forearms, and small bumps. I've since lowered my dosage to 25mg and have been taking it for four days with no issues.
3Patient Review
6/11/2014
Imuran for Crohn's Disease
I experienced a lot of heat flashes, sweating, joint pain, abdominal pain, bloating, and easy bruising.
2.3Patient Review
12/31/2014
Imuran for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
About an hour after taking the medication, I became incredibly nauseous and vomited uncontrollably for nearly half an hour. Additionally, I experienced extreme disorientation and had difficulty walking. Thankfully, a kind bystander helped me to the emergency room where I was hospitalized for five days.
2.3Patient Review
7/15/2017
Imuran for Rheumatoid Arthritis
While this does help to control my arthritis, it unfortunately also causes my blood sugar levels to spike. I also have a hard time tapering off the medication because I swell up and become ravenous.
2.3Patient Review
9/26/2015
Imuran for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
I have a heart condition and take Imuran 50mg every day, but my symptoms have only gotten worse. My doctors don't seem to care--they're just telling me to keep taking the drug so that they can collect insurance. Has anyone else had hallucinations from this drug? I see things moving that I know are stationary. For example, bridges moving 20 feet in the air while I'm driving. It's scary. Somebody please help me.
1Patient Review
2/13/2015
Imuran for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
I had a really severe reaction to this medication. I was hospitalized and it was honestly a really scary experience. Definitely not something I would recommend to anyone.
1Patient Review
5/26/2014
Imuran for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Unfortunately, this medication did not work at all for me. In fact, it made me feel much worse and I was incredibly sick the whole time I took it. Thankfully, I found alternative treatments that have helped me immensely.
image of drug pills surrounding a glass of water symbolizing drug consumption

Patient Q&A Section about imuran

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

What are the long term side effects of Imuran?

"If you experience any of the following health problems, you should see a doctor right away: muscle loss, hair loss, cold or numbness in the fingers, mouth sores, difficult or painful swallowing, or greasy stools."

Answered by AI

What is the drug Imuran used for?

"Azathioprine is a medication used to treat diseases related to the immune system. It is sometimes used in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who have not had success with standard FDA-approved medications."

Answered by AI

What drug class is Imuran?

"Azathioprine, marketed under the brand name Imuran, is an immunosuppressive medication. It works by weakening the body's immune response. This is important after a kidney transplant, as it prevents the body from attacking the new kidney."

Answered by AI

What is the difference between Imuran and prednisone?

"The two drugs Imuran and prednisone have different purposes and side effects. Imuran is designed to suppress the immune system while prednisone is a corticosteroid. However, both drugs can cause nausea or vomiting."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Imuran

Image of Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, Canada.

Steroids for Rheumatoid Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
Toronto, Canada
People living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often experience flares-periods where their symptoms suddenly get worse. These flares can cause significant pain, make it harder to move and do daily activities, and lower overall quality of life. Doctors often treat flares with medications called glucocorticoids (GCs), which reduce inflammation. These medications can be taken by mouth (oral/PO) or given as a single injection into the muscle (intramuscular/IM). However, it's not clear which option works better from the patient's point of view-especially when it comes to relief of symptoms, improvements in function, and satisfaction with treatment. Most research so far has focused on how well the drugs control the disease, rather than how they impact the patient's overall experience. Our Research Questions: 1. Does a single GC injection work just as well as taking pills over a few weeks in improving symptoms reported by patients? 2. How do the two treatments compare in terms of symptom relief, ability to function, and patient satisfaction? 3. What do patients think and feel about using GCs to treat RA flares? What We Think: We believe that a one-time GC injection is just as good as taking pills for a few weeks when it comes to managing RA flares. In fact, the injection might even be safer and preferred by patients. What We're Doing: We will study 220 adults with RA who are currently having a flare (with at least 3 swollen and tender joints). These patients will be recruited from rheumatology clinics at the University of Toronto and must not have used GCs in the past month. They will be randomly assigned to receive either: A single injection (Methylprednisolone 120 mg), or Oral pills (Prednisone starting at 15 mg daily and tapering down over 3 weeks). The main thing we'll look at is how much better patients feel after 6 weeks, based on a questionnaire designed to measure RA flares. We'll also look at how well they function, how satisfied they are with the treatment, and whether they had any side effects. In addition, 20 patients (10 from each group) will be interviewed to understand their experiences and opinions about flare treatment in more detail. Why This Is Possible: We've already surveyed University of Toronto rheumatologists who support the idea and provided input on study design. We've also partnered with experts in research methods, national arthritis organizations, and patient groups to make sure the study is relevant and meaningful. Ethics approval has been obtained. Why It Matters: RA flares can have a major impact on people's lives. While current treatments help control inflammation, we need to better understand how these treatments affect people from their own perspective. This study will shift the focus to what matters most to patients, helping doctors and patients choose the best treatment based not only on medical results but also on the patient's experience. This could lead to more effective and personalized care for people living with RA.
Phase 4
Waitlist Available
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (+4 Sites)
Image of California Clinical Trials Medical Group in Glendale, United States.

NTR-1011 for Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis

18 - 75
All Sexes
Glendale, CA
This phase 1a and 1b study is designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of NTR-1011 in healthy adults and in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. The main goals of this study are to determine the safety profile of NTR-1011 across subcutaneous and intravenous dose levels, understand how the drug behaves in the body, characterize its biological activity through relevant pharmacodynamic markers, assess the potential for immune responses to treatment, and explore early signals of clinical benefit in autoimmune disease settings. This is a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study that begins with a single ascending dose evaluation in healthy volunteers followed by a multiple dose assessment in patients. The design is intended to define the highest safe and well tolerated dose, establish a robust PK and PD baseline, and generate initial patient level evidence to support dose selection and advancement into subsequent clinical development.
Phase 1
Recruiting
California Clinical Trials Medical GroupHakop Gevorkyan, MDNeutrolis
Image of Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, United States.

N-Acetylglucosamine for Crohn's Disease

13 - 80
All Sexes
Baltimore, MD
This study is a clinical trial of oral N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). This study includes two study groups divided by gene variation in a transporter protein that regulates manganese levels. This genetic variant increases the risk of Crohn's disease (especially involving the ileum) and is carried by approximately 10% of individuals with Crohn's disease. This genetic variant lowers manganese levels, and manganese is important in a cellular process called glycosylation, therefore, glycosylation is changed. Glycosylation in the gut controls the barrier function, interactions with the bugs in the gut, and immune function - all important in Crohn's disease. In this study, the investigators will test if this problem with glycosylation can be targeted by giving GlcNAc. GlcNAc is a key ingredient for glycosylation, and it is currently marketed as a dietary supplement in the United States.
Phase 2
Waitlist Available
Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineJoanna Melia, MD
Have you considered Imuran clinical trials? We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Imuran, we think they might fit your search criteria.Go to Trials
Image of Weill Cornell Medical College in New York, United States.

Health Coaching for Rheumatoid Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
New York, NY
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if peer coaching works to reduce levels of anxiety and/or depression in adults diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The main questions it aims to answer are: Do people with RA who complete the intervention with a peer coach have lower levels of anxiety and/or depression at 6 months from baseline? Do people with RA who complete the intervention with a peer coach have lower levels of anxiety and/or depression at 6 months compared to those in the control arm? Researchers will compare the peer coaching intervention to an active-control arm (where people without RA coach participants on general health and nutrition topics) to see if peer coaching works to reduce anxiety and/or depression. Participants will meet with a coach every week for 9 weeks and complete several surveys before, during and after the intervention
Recruiting
Has No Placebo
Weill Cornell Medical CollegeIris Y Navarro-Millán, MDBristol-Myers Squibb
Have you considered Imuran clinical trials? We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Imuran, we think they might fit your search criteria.Go to Trials
Image of Truway Health, Inc. www.truwayhealth.com (401 E 34th Street, S11P, New York, NY 10016) in New York, United States.

Electromagnetic Resonance Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases

Any Age
All Sexes
New York, NY
The ImmuneNet study is a Phase I/II clinical trial sponsored by Truway Health, Inc. It will test whether gentle, low-frequency electromagnetic resonance (LF-EMR) can influence how immune cells communicate and synchronize with each other. The goal is to see if this "quantum-synaptic" signaling effect can help stabilize immune activity and reduce the number of autoimmune flare-ups in people living with conditions such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or multiple sclerosis. Participants will receive either an active or a sham (placebo) LF-EMR session three times per week for twelve weeks. Each session is completely non-invasive. Blood samples will be collected to study cytokines (immune-system messenger molecules), gene-expression patterns, and electrical field coherence among immune cells. A machine-learning system will analyze these data to predict inflammation patterns and guide individualized treatment settings. All participant data will be securely recorded and time-stamped to ensure transparency and privacy. The expected outcome of the study is a measurable reduction in autoimmune flare frequency and symptom severity, along with improved understanding of how electromagnetic signaling might safely regulate immune function.
Phase 1 & 2
Waitlist Available
Truway Health, Inc. www.truwayhealth.com (401 E 34th Street, S11P, New York, NY 10016)Gavin Solomon, President & CEOTruway Health, Inc.
Image of Precision Clinical Research-Site Number: 8400059 in Coral Springs, United States.

Duvakitug for Crohn's Disease

16 - 80
All Sexes
Coral Springs, FL
This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, maintenance, Phase 3 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of duvakitug in participants with moderately to severely active Crohn's Disease (CD). Study details include: The study duration may be up to 286 weeks including: * 40-week Pivotal Maintenance Sub-Study * 240-week Open-Label Extension (OLE) Sub-Study * 45-day Follow-Up visit Note: For the participants who do not enroll into OLE Sub-Study, the duration will be up to 46 weeks, including the 40-week maintenance period and a 45-day follow-up visit. The treatment duration may be up to 280 weeks including: * 40 weeks in the Pivotal Maintenance Sub-Study * 240 weeks in OLE Sub-Study The total number of on-site visits will be up to 43: - 21 visits in the Pivotal Maintenance Sub-Study - 22 visits in the OLE Sub-Study
Phase 3
Recruiting
Precision Clinical Research-Site Number: 8400059 (+2 Sites)Sanofi
Have you considered Imuran clinical trials? We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Imuran, we think they might fit your search criteria.Go to Trials
Unbiased ResultsWe believe in providing patients with all the options.
Your Data Stays Your DataWe only share your information with the clinical trials you're trying to access.
Verified Trials OnlyAll of our trials are run by licensed doctors, researchers, and healthcare companies.
Terms of Service·Privacy Policy·Cookies·Security