Sinemet

Manganese Poisoning, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Parkinson's Disease + 3 more

Treatment

8 FDA approvals

20 Active Studies for Sinemet

What is Sinemet

Carbidopa

The Generic name of this drug

Treatment Summary

Levodopa is a dopamine-like medication prescribed to people with Parkinson's disease. It is able to pass through the blood-brain barrier, which helps it treat symptoms of Parkinson's by supplementing the low levels of dopamine in the brain. To prevent it from breaking down too quickly, levodopa is often combined with a medication called carbidopa. The first levodopa and carbidopa combination product, called Sinemet, was approved by the FDA in 1975.

Sinemet

is the brand name

image of different drug pills on a surface

Sinemet Overview & Background

Brand Name

Generic Name

First FDA Approval

How many FDA approvals?

Sinemet

Carbidopa

1975

299

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Carbidopa, also called Sinemet, is approved by the FDA for 8 uses which include carbon monoxide intoxication and Parkinsonism post encephalitic .

carbon monoxide intoxication

Used to treat carbon monoxide intoxication in combination with Levodopa

Parkinsonism post encephalitic

Used to treat Parkinsonism post encephalitic in combination with Levodopa

levodopa-driven nausea and vomiting

Parkinson's Disease (PD)

Used to treat Parkinson's Disease (PD) in combination with Levodopa

Manganese Poisoning

Used to treat manganese intoxication in combination with Levodopa

Parkinson's Disease

Used to treat Parkinson's Disease (PD) in combination with Levodopa

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Used to treat carbon monoxide intoxication in combination with Levodopa

Parkinson Disease

Used to treat Symptomatic Parkinson Disease in combination with Levodopa

Effectiveness

How Sinemet Affects Patients

Levodopa is able to get into the brain, but dopamine can not. To increase the amount of levodopa that reaches the brain, a peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor is added. This prevents levodopa from being converted to dopamine outside the brain. Once it is past the blood-brain barrier, levodopa is changed into dopamine with the help of an aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase enzyme.

How Sinemet works in the body

Levodopa enters the brain, where it is converted into dopamine. This extra dopamine helps to replace the natural dopamine that has been lost due to lower concentrations, and it stimulates dopamine receptors in the brain.

When to interrupt dosage

The quantity of Sinemet is contingent upon the recognized situation, including manganese intoxication, Parkinson's Disease and Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). The measure of dosage is contingent upon the delivery technique featured in the table underneath.

Condition

Dosage

Administration

Manganese Poisoning

10.0 mg, 25.0 mg, , 50.0 mg, 31.25 mg, 37.5 mg, 12.5 mg, 18.75 mg, 23.75 mg, 48.75 mg, 61.25 mg, 36.25 mg, 4.63 mg/mL, 43.75 mg, 5.0 mg/mL

Tablet - Oral, Tablet, , Tablet, extended release - Oral, Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, orally disintegrating, Tablet, orally disintegrating - Oral, Gel - Enteral, Gel, Enteral, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Suspension - Enteral, Suspension

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

10.0 mg, 25.0 mg, , 50.0 mg, 31.25 mg, 37.5 mg, 12.5 mg, 18.75 mg, 23.75 mg, 48.75 mg, 61.25 mg, 36.25 mg, 4.63 mg/mL, 43.75 mg, 5.0 mg/mL

Tablet - Oral, Tablet, , Tablet, extended release - Oral, Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, orally disintegrating, Tablet, orally disintegrating - Oral, Gel - Enteral, Gel, Enteral, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Suspension - Enteral, Suspension

Parkinson's Disease

10.0 mg, 25.0 mg, , 50.0 mg, 31.25 mg, 37.5 mg, 12.5 mg, 18.75 mg, 23.75 mg, 48.75 mg, 61.25 mg, 36.25 mg, 4.63 mg/mL, 43.75 mg, 5.0 mg/mL

Tablet - Oral, Tablet, , Tablet, extended release - Oral, Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, orally disintegrating, Tablet, orally disintegrating - Oral, Gel - Enteral, Gel, Enteral, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Suspension - Enteral, Suspension

Parkinson Disease

10.0 mg, 25.0 mg, , 50.0 mg, 31.25 mg, 37.5 mg, 12.5 mg, 18.75 mg, 23.75 mg, 48.75 mg, 61.25 mg, 36.25 mg, 4.63 mg/mL, 43.75 mg, 5.0 mg/mL

Tablet - Oral, Tablet, , Tablet, extended release - Oral, Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, orally disintegrating, Tablet, orally disintegrating - Oral, Gel - Enteral, Gel, Enteral, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Suspension - Enteral, Suspension

levodopa-driven nausea and vomiting

10.0 mg, 25.0 mg, , 50.0 mg, 31.25 mg, 37.5 mg, 12.5 mg, 18.75 mg, 23.75 mg, 48.75 mg, 61.25 mg, 36.25 mg, 4.63 mg/mL, 43.75 mg, 5.0 mg/mL

Tablet - Oral, Tablet, , Tablet, extended release - Oral, Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, orally disintegrating, Tablet, orally disintegrating - Oral, Gel - Enteral, Gel, Enteral, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Suspension - Enteral, Suspension

Parkinsonism post encephalitic

10.0 mg, 25.0 mg, , 50.0 mg, 31.25 mg, 37.5 mg, 12.5 mg, 18.75 mg, 23.75 mg, 48.75 mg, 61.25 mg, 36.25 mg, 4.63 mg/mL, 43.75 mg, 5.0 mg/mL

Tablet - Oral, Tablet, , Tablet, extended release - Oral, Oral, Tablet, extended release, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, orally disintegrating, Tablet, orally disintegrating - Oral, Gel - Enteral, Gel, Enteral, Capsule, extended release, Capsule, extended release - Oral, Suspension - Enteral, Suspension

Warnings

Sinemet Contraindications

Condition

Risk Level

Notes

Pulse Frequency

Do Not Combine

Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions

Do Not Combine

Carbidopa may interact with Pulse Frequency

There are 20 known major drug interactions with Sinemet.

Common Sinemet Drug Interactions

Drug Name

Risk Level

Description

Abacavir

Minor

Carbidopa may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.

Acetaminophen

Minor

Carbidopa may decrease the excretion rate of Acetaminophen which could result in a higher serum level.

Aclidinium

Minor

Carbidopa may decrease the excretion rate of Aclidinium which could result in a higher serum level.

Acrivastine

Minor

Carbidopa may decrease the excretion rate of Acrivastine which could result in a higher serum level.

Albutrepenonacog alfa

Minor

Carbidopa may decrease the excretion rate of Albutrepenonacog alfa which could result in a higher serum level.

Sinemet Toxicity & Overdose Risk

There is not enough information to know if it is safe to take levodopa during pregnancy. Rabbits who were given levodopa and carbidopa had smaller litters, and their babies had physical defects. Levodopa may reduce milk production and be present in breast milk, so it is important to consider this before prescribing levodopa to nursing mothers. Not enough is known about the safety and effectiveness of levodopa in children. Older adults are more likely to have side effects from taking levodopa, but it is usually still safe for them to take it.

image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Sinemet Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Sinemet?

48 active studies are presently assessing the potential of Sinemet to alleviate Parkinson's Disease, Parkinsonism and carbon monoxide poisoning.

Condition

Clinical Trials

Trial Phases

Parkinson's Disease

39 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Phase 1, Phase 4, Phase 2, Phase 3, Early Phase 1

Parkinsonism post encephalitic

0 Actively Recruiting

Parkinson Disease

0 Actively Recruiting

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

0 Actively Recruiting

Manganese Poisoning

0 Actively Recruiting

levodopa-driven nausea and vomiting

0 Actively Recruiting

Sinemet Reviews: What are patients saying about Sinemet?

5

Patient Review

12/7/2014

Sinemet for Parkinson Symptoms

Sinemet has been very effective for me.

4.7

Patient Review

4/22/2013

Sinemet for Parkinson Symptoms

4.3

Patient Review

8/14/2013

Sinemet for Parkinson's Disease

I started taking 1/2 tablet three times a day for very frequent falls,with 'freezing of feet' in doorways and balance issues. My neurologist recommended, an increase to 1 tablet 3 times per day, with a 5 hour space between doses, because there seem to be gaps in the Sinemet coverage. I have to be sure and reorder it before I run too low to prevent not having enough, when I need to take the next dose. No nausea or constipation, or other signs aside from occasional increase in naps.

4

Patient Review

7/3/2014

Sinemet for Parkinson's Disease

I find that this treatment works best in conjunction with pramipexole (mirapex) for RLS.

3.7

Patient Review

4/26/2013

Sinemet for Parkinson's Disease

3.7

Patient Review

6/11/2013

Sinemet for Parkinson Symptoms

I have noticed some hair loss since starting this medication.

3.7

Patient Review

1/4/2015

Sinemet for Parkinson's Disease

My mother's shaking stopped after taking this medication, but she did experience some nausea.

3.7

Patient Review

3/27/2017

Sinemet for Parkinson Symptoms

My mom has been taking this medication for six years. The first four were great, but the past two have been really tough. She's dizzy a lot and depressed, and her off periods are more frequent and much longer now.

2.7

Patient Review

6/23/2013

Sinemet for Parkinson's Disease

I've been on this medication for two years and it's helped me, but lately I've noticed more fatigue, depression, and blurred vision. Not sure if increasing the dosage would help or not.

2.3

Patient Review

10/26/2016

Sinemet for Parkinson's Disease

My husband has been diagnosed with Parkinson's and given Sinamet, but it doesn't seem to help very much. Are there any other men out there who have had a similar experience?

2.3

Patient Review

3/14/2021

Sinemet for Parkinson Symptoms

I'm a 53 year old woman who's been on sinemet for 3 years. I take 1 50mg and 12.5mg every 2 hours, but I often experience terrible wear off symptoms, mouth ulcers, and electric shock feelings. My speech has also been impacted negatively.

2.3

Patient Review

6/10/2021

Sinemet for Parkinson Symptoms

I'm giving it a bit of time before I fully pass judgement, but right now I'm not feeling great. Dizzy and unsteady on my feet. My doctor is upping the dosage next week, so hopefully that will help. All I want is to feel normal again.

1.7

Patient Review

10/9/2013

Sinemet for Parkinson Symptoms

This drug was prescribed to me when other drugs stopped working. I had an immediate positive reaction and my ability to function increased on all levels. The only difficulty is remembering to take the pills three times a day.

1

Patient Review

10/27/2013

Sinemet for Parkinson Symptoms

I found this treatment to be more depressing than helpful.

1

Patient Review

6/5/2016

Sinemet for Parkinsonism due to Degenerations in the Brain

Sinemet has helped me a lot, though there are of course some side effects that come with any medication. It's been tough to figure out if the cause of these "side effects" is the pill, my Parkinson's disease, or just aging in general.
image of drug pills surrounding a glass of water symbolizing drug consumption

Patient Q&A Section about sinemet

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

What kind of drug is Sinemet?

"Sinemet is a medicine that is only available through a prescription. It is used to help relieve the symptoms that are commonly associated with Parkinson's disease. These symptoms include things such as muscle stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control. Sinemet can be taken by itself or it can be taken along with other medications that are prescribed by a doctor. It is important to note that Sinemet belongs to a class of drugs that are known as Decarboxylase Inhibitors."

Answered by AI

What are the side effects of the drug Sinemet?

"or mouth sores

The possible side effects of this medication include dizziness,, drowsiness,, blurred vision,, nausea,, vomiting,, dry mouth,, loss of appetite,, heartburn, or mouth sores."

Answered by AI

What is Sinemet used for?

"This medication is used to treat the symptoms of [Parkinson's disease](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/parkinson's-disease) or similar to Parkinson's disease. The cause of Parkinson's disease is due to the low level of dopamine in the brain."

Answered by AI

How does Sinemet work for Parkinson's?

"Sinemet is a medication that contains levodopa and carbidopa. When taken as a medicine, it is transported to the nerve cells in the brain that produce dopamine. The levodopa in Sinemet is converted into dopamine for the nerve cells to use as a neurotransmitter."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Sinemet

Image of University of California San Francisco in San Francisco, United States.

Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease

18+
All Sexes
San Francisco, CA

The purpose of this study is to test a new way to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). Subjects will be implanted with deep brain stimulator (DBS) devices and electrodes placed under the scalp. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is there a less invasive method to collect useful brain signals? Find out if these brain signals can be related to movement and/or sleep symptoms. * How to use these brain signals to tailor adaptive deep brain stimulation settings for movement and/or sleep symptoms Researchers will compare study derived adaptive DBS settings to subject's clinically programmed continuous DBS settings to see which is better at treating patients PD symptoms.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

University of California San Francisco

Simon Little

Image of Invicro (dba Perceptive) in New Haven, United States.

[18F]MK-0947 for Parkinson's Disease

18 - 80
All Sexes
New Haven, CT

This clinical study is being conducted to learn more about a new imaging drug called \[18F\]MK-0947, which is designed to help doctors see changes in the brain related to Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is a condition that affects movement, balance, and thinking. The drug works with a type of scan called PET (Positron Emission Tomography) to show areas of the brain where a protein called α-synuclein builds up. This buildup is linked to PD and other brain disorders. The main goal of this study is to find out if \[18F\]MK-0947 is safe for people and if it works well to show α-synuclein in the brain. The study will also look at how the drug moves through the body and how much radiation it gives off. Researchers hope this information will help develop better tools for diagnosing PD and tracking how it changes over time. Who can join? Adults who have PD or who are healthy may be able to take part. Participants will have screening tests to make sure they qualify. What does participation involve? People in the study will have PET scans, blood tests, and other safety checks. Some participants will also have an MRI scan. The study is divided into two parts: Part 1 looks at how the drug works in the brain of PD patients and healthy elderly participants, and Part 2 measures radiation levels in healthy participants. Why is this important? There is currently no cure for PD, and better imaging tools could help researchers develop new treatments. By joining this study, participants will help advance research that may improve care for people with PD and similar conditions in the future.

Phase < 1
Recruiting

Invicro (dba Perceptive)

Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC

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Cognitive Cueing + Video Intervention for Parkinson's Disease

40 - 99
All Sexes
London, Canada

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if cognitive cueing (eg., prompting individuals to think about taking big-long steps while walking), either as a stand- alone intervention or combined with a personalized gait training video, can improve gait (walking), mobility, and balance confidence for individuals with Parkinson's Disease. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does focusing on cognitive cues while walking improve gait, mobility, and balance confidence for individuals with Parkinson's Disease? 2. Does incorporating a personalized gait training video alongside cognitive cueing lead to amplified improvements in gait, mobility, and balance confidence for individuals with Parkinson's Disease? Researchers will compare how gait, mobility, balance confidence and quality of life change over time for participants when they practice walking with and without a cognitive cue alone, and when they practice with using a personalized gait training video. The researchers are also interested in how participation in this trial will affect quality of life and conscious attention to gait. Participants will * Complete walking trials on an instrumented mat that records data on their walking ability. These trials will be undertaken without a cognitive cue and while participants mentally rehearse a series of 3 cognitive cues (Take big long steps; Walk heel-toe; Stand up straight). * Be informed about which of the 3 cues best improved their walking and will receive a personalized gait training video for at home practice. * Complete online surveys that ask questions about their Parkinson's Disease, mobility, balance confidence quality of life and conscious attention to gait. * Visit the research facility 3 to 4 times during the study to have their gait (walking), mobility, balance confidence, quality of life and conscious attention to gait assessed and reassessed. * Practice both with and without their personalized video at home and keep a diary to record their practice sessions * Participate in a brief interview to discuss their experiences with the training and their perceptions of the effectiveness of cognitive cues and video-recorded feedback

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

Centre for Brain and Mind, Western University

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LY3962681 for Parkinson's Disease

30 - 80
All Sexes
Austin, TX

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and PK/PD of LY3962681 in healthy volunteers and patients with Parkinson's disease. The study will be comprised of two parts, the Single Ascending Dose (SAD) study and the Multiple Ascending Doses (MAD) study. During the SAD portion of the study, healthy volunteers will receive a single dose of LY3962681 or placebo (artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), no active drug) given into the spinal fluid. During the MAD portion of the study, patients with Parkinson's disease will receive two doses of either LY3962681 or placebo (aCSF) administered into the spinal fluid. * The treatment period in the SAD study will be 1 day. The treatment period in the MAD study will be 2 days, 12 to 24 weeks apart. * The follow-up period in the SAD study will be up to 52 weeks. The follow-up period in the MAD study will be up to 52 weeks post Dose 2.

Phase 1
Recruiting

Austin Clinic PPD

Travis Lewis

Prevail Therapeutics

Image of Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL in Hines, United States.

Non-Invasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease

50 - 88
All Sexes
Hines, IL

More than 110,000 US Veterans living with Parkinson's disease (PD) currently receive PD-related care and services from the VA. Fall prevention is a priority for Veterans living PD. Gait disturbances are a major cause for functional dependence and the largest risk factor for falls, institutionalization, and death in PD. This SPiRE addresses the need to advance nonpharmacological rehabilitative health care of Veterans and maximizing functional outcomes by developing a non-invasive, neuromodulatory transcutaneous cervical Vagal Nerve Stimulation as an at-home intervention to improve gait and balance. This pilot clinical trial will assist with future efforts and priorities of the VA to prolong independent living and quality of life by minimizing gait and balance dysfunction experienced by Veterans living with PD.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL

Sandra L. Kletzel, PhD BA

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