This trial is evaluating whether Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres will improve 1 primary outcome and 3 secondary outcomes in patients with Carcinoma, Hepatocellular. Measurement will happen over the course of Up to 30 days post-treatment.
This trial requires 2 total participants across 2 different treatment groups
This trial involves 2 different treatments. Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres is the primary treatment being studied. Participants will all receive the same treatment. There is no placebo group. The treatments being tested are in Phase < 1 and are in the first stage of evaluation with people.
When diagnosed at an early stage, hepatocellular carcinoma has excellent long-term outcomes with multimodal therapy. In most cases, surgery is curative because the tumor is found in a large part of the liver. In more than 90% of those cancers, the surgical procedure is hepatectomy.
The signs of carcinoma, hepatocellular may include weakness, muscle pains and tenderness in the right lower side. Rare and uncommonly, tumors may be accompanied by high blood pressure, jaundice and enlarged liver or spleen. More than half the patients had synchronous tumors of the liver. Most of the tumors were malignant.
In developing countries, cirrhosis of the liver represents the most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Excessive alcohol consumption and hepatitis B virus infections contribute to this development. The development of cirrhosis and consequent liver cancer may be more frequent at high altitude. Hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma has become a frequent cause of morbidity in developing countries. Hepatic artery embolisation is being used more often as a curative treatment. The role of hepatitis C virus and alcohol, and HIV in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma is unknown.
Hepatocellular carcinoma can be cured when diagnosed at an early stage, when the primary pathology is HCC, and when the patient can be cured after the resective treatment. This can be realized by performing diagnostic liver biopsy at an early stage, and performing routine follow-up examinations in these patients.
As we have stated, the primary role that the GI tract, particularly the stomach and colon, plays in carcinoma of the hepatic or biliary tract is an area that warrants continuing efforts in research to further evaluate this field of medical science. At this time, these efforts should be focused on the development of the molecular basis of carcinogenesis, particularly the study of the steps from normal tissue to preneoplastic and neoplastic change and the validation of the resultant malignancy. Such advances could be expected to lead to new and more efficacious treatments for these diseases and may be relevant to the prevention of gastric cancer.
The 5-year age-adjusted incidence of HCC is very low in the United States, with annual new cases of HCC estimated at 18,000, corresponding to less than one HCC case per day for every 100,000 population in the United States. Furthermore, HCC is diagnosed in young adults, with a mean age at diagnosis of 51 years.
Yttrium glass microspheres can be safely used in patients with liver cirrhosis (with a recent exception of those with a history of liver or abdominal surgery, or who are taking corticosteroids) as salvage therapy before liver transplantation for refractory, isolated liver metastases of renal cell carcinoma.
There is strong support for familial clustering of end-stage liver disease in individuals with alcoholic hepatitis, but not in individuals with primary biliary cirrhosis. Familial clustering does not seem to be due to the effects of environmental carcinogens.
Yttria-90 glass microspheres were used in the treatment of pain. Yttria-90 glass microspheres (Y90) are already used in the treatment of pain in many countries. In China yttrium-90 glass microspheres were approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration in September 2004. Y90 is a radionuclide isotope for the treatment of pain in cancer patients with inoperable liver or lung cancer. It can be injected into the liver or other part of the body. The treatment is often repeated and continued with more injections.
Hepatocellular carcinoma may be caused by both chemical and biological factors, making it difficult to prevent. The use of statins and aspirin is an effective way to protect against hepatocellular carcinoma because they are able to inhibit a protein kinase known to play an important role in tumor development.
Yttrium y 90 glass microspheres administered for metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer can be used safely in patients, because there are no significant safety risks associated with this therapy.
Glass microspheres have been found to be more effective than a placebo in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, especially in the case of patients with larger tumors in addition to those with smaller tumors.