Break Wave Lithotripsy and Ultrasonic Propulsion for Calculi

The improvement in QoL may suggest that patients with calculi would feel that their lives have been made easier as a result of the improved efficacy and shorter treatment times. This is in addition to the obvious improvement in symptoms and pain relief.

A large proportion of persons living in Western Canada with bladder stones are in their 80s and 90s. Urologists need to assess the best treatment option for patients in this age range and their preferences.

In men, the primary cause of benign calculus is chronic alcoholism. Data from a recent study does not support the popular myth that male calculi are caused by eating excessively high salt diets. In the absence of excessive protein intake, calculus is more likely to be caused by a low calcium diet.

There is currently no cure for calculus. Calculus often forms in the absence of serious disease, can be asymptomatic, and is typically of little concern to either patient, physician, or laboratory testing provider. However, once calculus forms in the renal tubules or the urinary bladder, calculus can affect the kidney's function. Calculus affects a person's ability to urinate, has been known to cause lower back pain, and if left untreated or not treated properly, can create serious complications. The treatment of calculus is based on the nature of the calculi and symptoms. A stone that is embedded inside the bladder will usually need to be extracted under conscious sedation or general anesthesia.

In the hands of a trained eye, calculus is sometimes easy to spot without any radiography. However, certain factors, such as the type of calculus and the location of the calculus, can influence its appearance.

Causes of calculi include kidney stones (calculus) that may become large enough to cause pain. When the stone becomes so big, it may start to push against one of your nerves in the abdomen (femur or leg) and cause pain.\n\nIt may also make a loud noise when it hits the surface of your body, such as your knee.\n\nLitha is a female god of the Hindu faith. She is the mother of the Hindu god Vishnu and the goddess Parvati who also is the wife of Shiva.

Generally speaking, common treatments for calculi may have a role in preventing recurrent disease, but the majority of published data in this journal suggest that long-term treatments may not be necessary at this stage.

Struvite is a common mineral contaminant in the diets of many people; it is insoluble in water; it is highly insoluble in acidic and neutral environments with a solubility and dissolution rate that can help explain the presence of struvite stones in many urine samples.\n

Approximately 40 percent of American adults over the age of 65 yr are affected by the presence of urinary calculi. The majority of calcifications are nonvenereal in nature.

Ultrasound enhances the effectiveness of SWL by inducing cavitation bubbles in the stone. The cavitation bubbles lead to more destructive effects during SWL. The ultrasonic propulsion is also an effective option for SWL in patients with stones located near bifurcation of caliculi.

The majority of our patients will be treated by surgery and/or minimally invasive therapy. In one third of patients, a nonoperative approach will be necessary. A growing proportion of patients will require some type of parenteral (IV) therapy in order to control pain and swelling. We believe that patients will prefer these non-invasive treatments over more invasive ones. As for long-term treatment, there is no consensus or standard for the duration of the medications required, so we believe that the best option is to give the patients’ opinions, as the treatments can be the most important to the patients. Further research should be done on the effects of long-term use of medications.