Workplace Equity, Job and Health Supports Employer Intervention for Chronic Disease

In order of increasing prevalence, signs of chronic disease were fatigue, dyspnoea, dyspnoea on exertion, pain, obesity, and depression. Depressed mood appears less frequently than dyspnoea.

While many chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and asthma are highly treatable, many people with these diseases live much longer than they have had the diseases. Although many theories and research have been conducted on the causes of chronic diseases, all of them are only speculative. While treatments for cancer cure most cancer patients, very few treatments cure chronic disease because the changes incurred by chronic disease to the human body are so extensive and difficult to reverse.

More than 100 million Americans live with at least one type of chronic disease. These numbers will increase significantly between the years 1990 and 2020, reflecting the aging of the U.S. population and the increasing prevalence of chronic disease among adult Americans.

There is evidence that exposure to infections increases the risk of chronic diseases, presumably because they act on biological mechanisms implicated in the induction of atherosclerosis, diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

This article should introduce some common chronic diseases for the readers. What's more, this article will provide you with some information on the most common chronic diseases and their prevention and treatment.\n

Most patients with chronic disease are prescribed multiple medications. These medications are used for a variety of conditions, but have in most cases only low or no proof of benefit. For the large majority of conditions, treatment is based primarily on clinical observation.

[The proportion of eligible patients receiving clinical trial offers varied across disease groups, with more than half of patients with diabetes receiving clinical trial offers but only a third with cardiovascular Disease or type 2 diabetes. The difference may reflect a failure to adequately identify patients in need of clinical trial care through the use of clinical disease groups in their eligibility criteria, and warrants further investigation.

Employee participation is more important in the implementation of EER than formalizing EI in the company policy. In addition, HR support is as important as participation. In a recent study, findings of these research underscore the importance for an appropriate selection of personnel and training at workplaces especially in developing countries. The study also stresses the need for an effective employer training for EI and EER, especially when using an employee participation approach.

The findings suggest that the use of targeted worksite intervention in support of the health of employees was associated with more long term positive health. This was not seen in areas where only general supports were provided. The quality of support was important and has the potential to impact on health and health behaviour outcomes of employees and their families.

There are important differences in how workplace interventions are implemented and implemented in combination with any other treatments. The effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and feasibility needs for additional intervention studies.

Implementing interventions that focus on addressing inequity within workplace and its effects on job satisfaction, work engagement and illness perception may increase the effectiveness of supportive employer interventions for addressing the high prevalence of pain and chronic disease in the community. The limitations of these findings and evidence for the need to consider broader contextual factors such as 'coup de thème' or 'fears of failure/compromise' are discussed.