Atezolizumab for Throat Cancer

Overseen By Nabil F. Saba, MD, FACP

Age: 18+

Sex: Any

Trial Phase: Phase 2

Sponsor: Emory University

Must not be taking: Immunosuppressants, Immunostimulants, Antivirals, others

Disqualifiers: Autoimmune disease, CNS metastases, others

No Placebo Group All trial participants will receive the active study treatment (no placebo)

Prior Safety Data This treatment has passed at least one previous human trial

Breakthrough Therapy This drug has been fast-tracked for approval by the FDA given its high promise

Approved in 2 Jurisdictions This treatment is already approved in other countries

Compensation: Varies

Number of Visits: Unknown

Duration: 6 weeks

20 Participants Needed

Trial Summary

Will I have to stop taking my current medications?

The trial information does not specify if you need to stop taking your current medications. However, it mentions that patients should not be on certain immunosuppressive medications or systemic immunostimulatory agents before starting the study. It's best to discuss your specific medications with the trial team.

What data supports the effectiveness of the drug Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) for throat cancer?

Atezolizumab has shown effectiveness in treating various cancers by targeting PD-L1, a protein that helps cancer cells evade the immune system. In head and neck cancer, which includes throat cancer, Atezolizumab has demonstrated clinical activity and safety, suggesting it could be a promising treatment option. ^{1 2 3 4 5}

Is atezolizumab generally safe for humans?

Atezolizumab, also known as Tecentriq, has been approved for use in several cancers, including lung and bladder cancer, with an acceptable safety profile. Common side effects include tiredness, loss of appetite, and nausea, while more serious effects can include lung inflammation, liver inflammation, and thyroid issues. ^{2 6 7 8 9}

What makes the drug atezolizumab unique for treating throat cancer?

Atezolizumab is unique because it is a monoclonal antibody that targets PD-L1, a protein that helps cancer cells evade the immune system, thereby boosting the body's immune response against the tumor. This mechanism of action is different from traditional chemotherapy, which directly targets and kills cancer cells. ^{2 6 8 10 11}

What is the purpose of this trial?

This phase II trial tests how well atezolizumab works in treating patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma that is able to be removed with surgery (resectable). Immunotherapy with atezolizumab, may include changes in the body's immune system and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread.

Research Team

Mihir Patel, MD

Principal Investigator

Emory University Hospital/Winship Cancer Institute

Eligibility Criteria

This trial is for adults over 18 with HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma that can be surgically removed. Participants must not be pregnant, agree to use contraception, and have no extensive neck lymph node involvement. Those with prior radiation above the clavicles or certain other cancers within two years are excluded.

Inclusion Criteria

My throat cancer is caused by HPV and confirmed by tests.

Serum albumin within normal range

I am not pregnant and can become pregnant.

Exclusion Criteria

I have high calcium levels in my blood that are causing symptoms.

My kidney function is below the normal range.

I have a history of lung conditions.

Timeline

Screening

Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial

2-4 weeks

Treatment

Participants receive 2 doses of atezolizumab intravenously, with CT and MRI scans, and possible tumor biopsy

6 weeks

Surgery

Participants undergo surgery after receiving treatment with atezolizumab

2 weeks

Follow-up

Participants are monitored for event-free survival and pathologic response, with biomarker analysis

Up to 2 years

Treatment Details

Interventions

• Atezolizumab

Trial Overview The study tests Atezolizumab's effectiveness before surgery in patients with resectable HPV-related throat cancer. It examines how this immunotherapy might affect the immune system's response to tumor cells and their ability to spread.

Participant Groups

Group I: Treatment (Atezolizumab) Experimental Treatment 4 Interventions

Patients receive atezolizumab IV while on study. Patients undergo CT scan and MRI throughout the study. Patients may undergo tumor biopsy while on study.

Atezolizumab is already approved in United States, European Union for the following indications:

Approved in United States as Tecentriq for:

• Melanoma
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Small cell lung cancer
• Non-small cell lung cancer
• Urothelial carcinoma

Approved in European Union as Tecentriq for:

• Melanoma
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Small cell lung cancer
• Non-small cell lung cancer
• Urothelial carcinoma

Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?

Emory University

Lead Sponsor

Trials

1,735

Recruited

2,605,000+

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Collaborator

Trials

14,080

Recruited

41,180,000+

Genentech, Inc.

Industry Sponsor

Trials

1,578

Recruited

569,000+

Ashley Magargee

Genentech, Inc.

Chief Executive Officer since 2024

MBA from Harvard University, BA from Princeton University

Levi Garraway

Genentech, Inc.

Chief Medical Officer since 2021

MD, PhD

Findings from Research

In a phase Ia clinical trial involving 32 patients with advanced head and neck cancer, atezolizumab demonstrated a tolerable safety profile, with 66% of patients experiencing treatment-related adverse events, but no grade 5 events reported.

The treatment showed promising efficacy, with 22% of patients achieving objective responses and a median overall survival of 6.0 months, indicating potential benefits regardless of HPV status or PD-L1 expression levels.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Safety and clinical activity of atezolizumab in head and neck cancer: results from a phase I trial. Colevas, AD., Bahleda, R., Braiteh, F., et al.[2022]

Atezolizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets PD-L1, which is being developed for treating various blood cancers and solid tumors, showing promise in cancer immunotherapy.

It has already been approved in the US as a second-line treatment for urothelial carcinoma and is pending approval for non-small cell lung cancer, highlighting its potential efficacy in these conditions.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab: First Global Approval. Markham, A.[2019]

Atezolizumab significantly improved overall survival in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer compared to docetaxel, with median survival times of 13.8 months versus 9.6 months, respectively.

The safety profile of atezolizumab was favorable, with only 15% of patients experiencing grade 3 or 4 adverse events, compared to 43% in the docetaxel group, indicating it may be a safer treatment option.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (OAK): a phase 3, open-label, multicentre randomised controlled trial. Rittmeyer, A., Barlesi, F., Waterkamp, D., et al.[2022]

In a study of 36 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma, the addition of nimotuzumab to induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy significantly improved the objective response rate after treatment, with 91.7% response in the nimotuzumab group compared to 58.3% in the control group.

Patients receiving nimotuzumab also experienced better overall survival (62.5% vs. 51.8%) and longer progression-free survival (23 months vs. 18 months) compared to those who did not receive the drug, with no significant increase in adverse effects, indicating a favorable safety profile.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Nimotuzumab Combined with Induction Chemotherapy and Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Unresectable Locally Advanced Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Single Institution Experience in China. Tian, X., Xuan, Y., Wu, R., et al.[2022]

Atezolizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L1, showed a 23% response rate and a median overall survival of 15.9 months in 119 patients with metastatic urothelial cancer who were unfit for cisplatin, indicating its efficacy as a front-line treatment.

In patients whose tumors progressed after first-line chemotherapy, atezolizumab had a 15% response rate and a median overall survival of 7.9 months, with better outcomes (26% response rate) in those with high PD-L1 expression, demonstrating its potential effectiveness based on biomarker status.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

[Atezolizumab (Tecentriq®): Activity, indication and modality of use in advanced or metastatic urinary bladder carcinoma]. Bernard-Tessier, A., Bonnet, C., Lavaud, P., et al.[2019]

Atezolizumab significantly improves overall survival in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC), with median survival times of 13.8 months in the atezolizumab group compared to 9.6 months in the docetaxel group in the OAK trial.

The treatment has an acceptable safety profile, with common side effects including fatigue and decreased appetite, and serious immune-related adverse events occurring in a small percentage of patients.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval Summary: Atezolizumab for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Weinstock, C., Khozin, S., Suzman, D., et al.[2022]

Atezolizumab, an inhibitor of PD-L1, was found to be well tolerated in a phase 1-2 trial involving 90 children and young adults with refractory or relapsed solid tumors, with no fatal adverse events reported.

While only 5% of patients achieved an objective response, the study showed comparable serum concentrations of atezolizumab between children and young adults, suggesting potential for future research into optimizing immune checkpoint inhibitors for specific patient populations.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab for children and young adults with previously treated solid tumours, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma (iMATRIX): a multicentre phase 1-2 study. Geoerger, B., Zwaan, CM., Marshall, LV., et al.[2020]

Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) is an FDA-approved treatment for unresectable or metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), showing a 24% overall response rate in a clinical trial with 49 patients, and a durable response rate of 67% at 6 months and 42% at 12 months.

The treatment has a manageable safety profile, with common severe side effects including musculoskeletal pain (8%) and hypertension (6%), making it a viable option for patients with limited treatment alternatives for this high-risk disease.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab as the First Systemic Therapy Approved for Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma. Bergsma, EJ., Elgawly, M., Mancuso, D., et al.[2023]

Atezolizumab, an anti-PD-L1 therapy, demonstrated objective response rates of up to 40% in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and showed similar pharmacokinetics and safety profiles in Chinese patients compared to global studies.

In patients with PD-L1 positive tumors, the combination of atezolizumab with chemotherapy resulted in a significantly higher response rate of 46.2%, indicating enhanced efficacy when used alongside traditional treatments.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

[Atezolizumab therapy in Chinese patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors: An open-label, phase Ⅰ study]. Zhang, L., Gong, JF., Pan, HM., et al.[2022]

Atezolizumab is an FDA-approved treatment for advanced bladder cancer that works by blocking the PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint, enhancing T-cell immunity against tumors.

In clinical trials, atezolizumab showed a 15% objective response rate in patients whose cancer progressed after chemotherapy, and a 24% response rate in chemotherapy-naïve patients, with a favorable safety profile compared to other second-line treatments.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab: A PD-L1-Blocking Antibody for Bladder Cancer. Inman, BA., Longo, TA., Ramalingam, S., et al.[2022]

Atezolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, has been shown to significantly prolong overall survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have previously received chemotherapy, based on results from the phase II POPLAR and phase III OAK trials.

The treatment is particularly effective in patients with higher PD-L1 expression, demonstrating higher objective response rates, and it has a manageable safety profile with a low incidence of immune-related adverse events.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab: A Review in Previously Treated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Blair, HA.[2020]

References

1. England pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Safety and clinical activity of atezolizumab in head and neck cancer: results from a phase I trial. [2022]

2. New Zealand pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab: First Global Approval. [2019]

3. England pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (OAK): a phase 3, open-label, multicentre randomised controlled trial. [2022]

4. New Zealand pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Nimotuzumab Combined with Induction Chemotherapy and Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Unresectable Locally Advanced Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Single Institution Experience in China. [2022]

5. France pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

[Atezolizumab (Tecentriq®): Activity, indication and modality of use in advanced or metastatic urinary bladder carcinoma]. [2019]

6. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval Summary: Atezolizumab for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. [2022]

7. England pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab for children and young adults with previously treated solid tumours, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma (iMATRIX): a multicentre phase 1-2 study. [2020]

8. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab as the First Systemic Therapy Approved for Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma. [2023]

9. China pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

[Atezolizumab therapy in Chinese patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors: An open-label, phase Ⅰ study]. [2022]

10. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab: A PD-L1-Blocking Antibody for Bladder Cancer. [2022]

11. France pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Atezolizumab: A Review in Previously Treated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. [2020]