Treatment for Myopia

Glasses are commonly recommended for high myopia. Contact lenses are used in low myopia with high refractive error. For low myopia to high refractive error, glasses are more commonly used.

Myopia is usually caused by not focusing light images through lenses after seeing other images. It is also called nearsightedness or focusing on close objects. The condition of having difficulty focusing can be cured with glasses or contact lenses and in some cases surgical removal of the eyes' muscles, or by the insertion of a small lens in front of the eye. When eyesight deteriorates, this causes myopia. Although myopia was common during an earlier era, it is now much infrequent. The more you have it, the more pronounced the problem is. Although many children have it, it is less common among the elderly, and it is often found in those who are in the process of gaining weight.

Myopia occurs at a rate in the general population about one out of 1000 persons, and an estimated 25 million people globally have myopic retinal images. The myopic refractive error occurs at an early age as seen in the young myopic children in the cohort study conducted in this township. At the same time the prevalence of myopia increases with age and it is higher than the prevalence of myopia in the population. The prevalence of myopia is higher in urban children, and myopia in children is more likely to be acquired in rural areas than in urban areas during early childhood. The urban children are more likely to have parents whose education is below 8th grade and the rural children are more likely to have parents who are in agriculture.

Myopia may be evident by excessive staring at close-up objects, but is usually noticed first in preschool children for refractive reasons. Signs may include a lazy eye and distant objects will appear blurry.

There has been a wide range of proposals for the use of lenses to correct myopia. Although vision will improve, most people with myopia have a limited range of vision and may remain unsatisfied. Myopia that is a chronic disorder, usually becomes a limitation when people grow older.

Between 16% to 43% of U.S. adults have myopia at least once a year, and 40% are hyperopic. Hyperopia can be associated with myopia in adulthood, although the correlation is weaker. The myopia/intellectual ability relationship varies with the definitions used in these studies.

It is difficult to guess which children with myopia would be at greatest risk for developing other eye conditions, as they are not more likely to have a sibling with myopia or to use eye protection in childhood. Children with myopia may also use contact lenses of shorter duration, or other less harmful means in childhood than those without myopia. For all patients having contact lenses, the risk of developing glaucoma is highest in the first three months of lens use, and the risk of developing high-risk retinal damage is highest at least 10 years after lens removal (about age 25).

Patients with myopia reported significant gains in the quality of their lives after treatment with orthokeratology. Orthokeratology is a simple, inexpensive, effective strategy that can markedly improve the quality of life in a group of patients with myopia.

Evidence-based information regarding myopia is limited and often inadequate for treating myopia, causing uncertainty and concern regarding its diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, there are many questions regarding whether there are any risks of having the laser treatment to which refractive errors respond well. The most recent research suggests that many of the most important questions have been answered. Further, other treatments or methods of treatment that have been studied are under investigation and remain uncertain (Laser Vision Therapy vs. Contact lenses). The future of refractive science, especially for refractive surgery, needs to continue to focus on the effectiveness of these treatments, their safety, and their long-term effectiveness.

No significant difference could be demonstrated between treatments and a placebos. It would seem that this study does not refute the concept of refractive surgery, but instead, its effect in the visual rehabilitation of astigmatic refractive errors.

Results from a recent clinical trial showed that the primary cause of myopia was not the difference in the corneal diameters, but rather in the refraction, the distance between the eye and the lens. And the correlation between myopia and eye length was statistically significant. Moreover, there are some eye abnormalities that may be present before the occurrence of myopia. Results from a recent clinical trial suggest to the public that myopia is not caused by changes in eye structures or length, but rather, it is related to eye length. [Power (https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/eye-injuries-lamp-bulb-injury-syndrome) or [www.cnlmsinstitute.gov/pages/research.