E-cigarette for Mental Disorders

E-cigarette use in people with mental health problems is not associated with significant psychiatric comorbidity. E-cigarette use among people with mental health problems is a relatively low risk behavior with few significant adverse outcomes.

There are important ethical, religious and social reasons for seeking a 'cure' for mental disorders. But there remain a significant number of patients for whom the disease has a cure; some of whom will need psychiatric and social support.

Symptoms of mental disorders may include feelings of sadness, irritability, low mood, anger, anxiety, depression, paranoia, confusion, restlessness, inability to concentrate, guilt, guilt, irritability, anorexia, insomnia, insomnia and hallucinations.\n

Roughly 10 million Americans suffer from some form of mental disorder a year. More than 1.5 million people receive mental health services each year for one of these disorders. Most common are mood disorders and anxiety disorders.

In the United States, [mental disorders such as major depression and anxiety disorders], have been observed during the early and middle years of life. What follows this initial observation is speculation [and] speculation about causation. One can expect that the mechanisms of occurrence of [these disorders] are different from age group to age group. [A lack of correlation between mental disorders and age] may reflect a lack of studies. As more [research] gets reported, we will hopefully refine our current hypotheses and add to [our knowledge] of this [process].

There are many different types of mental disorders. They often affect a person's thoughts, feelings, behaviour, attention, and decisions. When people have a mental disorder, it is challenging for them to lead healthy lives, but when people are able to lead healthy lives, they can lead the world to a positive future. Those with mental health issues can build relationships with others and get the support they need.\n

The most common treatment for mental disorders is psychoanalysis and pharmacotherapy, such as medication or cognitive therapies. More recently, noninvasive technologies like PET scans, PET-MRI, fMRI, and MRS have been used to enhance diagnostic procedures in anxiety and mood disorders.\n

There have been several clinical trials in which patients did not self-report experiencing an adverse event. Therefore, it is still possible that e-cigarette has adverse effects, but that patients not experience e-lung toxicity. However, according to the current evidence, patients were not well advised and lack of knowledge on how to use e-cigarette for treatment. Therefore, e-cigarette is harmful.

There is an urgent need for additional scientific studies on e-cigarette use, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Especially to ascertain if e-cigarette use increases the chances of developing mental disorders. Also, studies are needed to determine if other constituents of e-cigarettes have similar physiological effects on the brain and if they might be harmful as well.

All patients with mental disturbance and/or depression should be considered to suffer from chronic inflammatory diseases for which chronic inflammatory and pro-inflammatory factors should be considered among the several mechanisms responsible for the onset and maintenance of mental disorders and depressive symptoms.

This is the first systematic review to describe the e-cigarette use in patients with any other treatments. The use of e-cigarettes seems to be low (1.2%). More data from studies and long-term studies should be performed to gain further insight in this subject.