Gingival atrophy was assessed and associated risk factors assessed in an Indian population. The study revealed that the prevalence of gingival atrophy in the study population was 13%, which is lower than the 15%-45% average reported in the literature and much lower than the 62-70% reported in the United Nations (UN) Global Status Report 2004. Although the study does not discuss the extent to which a specific treatment has an effect on gingival health, an ideal treatment modality with minimal pain should be established.
The most common treatment for gingival atrophy can be found by the presence or absence of gingivitis. A dental professional will likely recommend that you seek assistance is by a periodontist, endodontist, or dental hygienist if gingival atrophy is accompanied by gingivitis. If gingival atrophy is present without gingivitis, either gingivectomy, guided by a periodontist, or photorejuvenation, guided by an endodontist might be recommended. If gingival atrophy is a result of a systemic problem, treatment will be directed by a physician.
More than 90% of Americans surveyed reported having gingival bleb, recession, or mobility associated with either moderate or extreme periodontal disease. Most adults will have a periodontal assessment, even if they are not affected, to rule out poor oral hygiene and increase awareness about the need for good oral hygiene procedures and the prevention of more severe periodontal disease-associated conditions.
Recent findings of this study support the assumption that the aetiology of AG must be multifactorial and a combination of several factors (e.g., genetics, periodontal disease, immune mechanisms, nutrition, hormonal factors, etc.) must all concur to account for the development and progression of atrophies.
Tooth brushing is the single most critical factor in the prevention of gingival atrophy, which is not alleviated by oral hygiene programs or oral hygiene instruction courses and is not completely reversed by them. Aggressive orthodontic tooth movement is highly effective and should be included in orthodontic treatment plans, especially for adolescents.
The most likely initial signs are erythema and erythematous patches with hyperplasia and sparse peripheral papillae. Other common initial symptoms are bleeding gums, gum pain, and dysgingia. Once atrophic changes (depressed, pale, discolored gums with thin, yellow or blue borders) and halitosis develop, and in advanced cases, oral-facial pain and tooth loss may occur.
The definitive abutment is an essential part of restorative treatment. It is intended to maintain a stable base-outboard width of a restoration during occlusal forces exerted on it. In addition, it serves as the anchor for a dental composite filling. Thus, the definitive abutment will have the ultimate effect of preserving the integrity of the cavity, which is a prerequisite in the process of restorative therapy.
The development and the development and implementation of definitive abutments is still in the early stages. However, the development of new types and the development of improved methods to perform definitive abutment techniques are progressing smoothly. The key factors that are contributing towards the creation of high quality dentures with a favourable aesthetic appearance are: ease of use, resistance to saliva and biofilm formation; resistance to stain/stain removal and tooth mobility; and biocompatibility.
Gingival atrophy can be an early symptom of periodontal disease and can be classified as mild, moderate or severe, based on factors such as the presence or absence of mobility. It is likely that the oral hygiene levels and smoking status will have an influence on the extent of gingival atrophy. Periodontal health professionals in developing countries must be alert to the possible presence of gingival atrophy in their patients. Appropriate periodontal rehabilitation is required to prevent irreversible damage of periodontal tissues and may require oral hygiene education and increased motivation to maintain good oral hygiene habits.
The primary cause of gingival atrophy was periodontal disease. Periodontitis may be the cause of gingival loss but other factors, such as smoking, may be contributory.
Definitive abutment was not significantly superior to standard removable dental prosthesis with regards to quality of life on the VAS in this population, although there were trends toward this in favour of Definitive Abutment. This preliminary study does not, however, show a significant difference in quality of life between the two treatment options.
The treatment options for gingival atrophy, specifically laser-based approaches to reduce the periodontal pocket, are limited. The benefits associated with pocket reduction vary widely. The efficacy of a laser-based gingival biofilm reduction program is largely dependent on the practitioner and the individual patient’s disease severity. Randomized controlled clinical studies in which laser-based treatment has been compared with periodontal surgery deserve a future research agenda to promote the long-term outcomes and prevention of progression of this disease.