Speech breathing intervention for Dyspnea

The causes of dyspnea can be classified into intrinsic causes caused by lung disease and extrinsic causes caused by cardiac and pulmonary disease. The principal causes are lung disease (which mostly cause restrictive pulmonary dysfunction) and vascular disease (which are common causes of restrictive lung disease).

Patients with dyspnea report a variety of typical signs of breathlessness. In addition, dyspnea has the potential to make patients anxious, frustrated and depressed. Patients with dyspnea may be less likely than those without dyspnea to report use of pain medications but more likely to report their use of over-the-counter medications to ease pain and dyspnea.

No cures can be found for shortness of breath, the symptom of which is closely connected to not only physical functioning but also psychological well-being. However, dyspnea is a symptom that can be reduced at the most.

In the United States, around 5.1 million people suffer from dyspnea at least once a year, that is 9.5% of all adults. The proportion of women is higher due to lower cigarette consumption in women.

Dyspnea can occur as a result of lung conditions like pulmonary embolism, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism and sarcoidosis, lung cancer, asthma, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, lung disease like COPD, and respiratory infection. And dyspnea is the symptom that will most often help with the diagnosis of lung diseases. It is reasonable to consider any underlying lung disease when evaluating dyspnea.

Patients with dyspnea should be evaluated for serious medical conditions in the emergency department. Treatments for dyspnea vary based on the underlying cause. Oxygen, a noninvasive ventilation, or bronchodilators can be prescribed depending on the severity of the patients respiratory distress. The treatment should follow the patients clinical symptoms to decrease their anxiety and improve their comfort.

Many patients reported having dyspnea. While severe dyspnea was rare, it was associated with [a higher likelihood of having a history of COPD and a higher likelihood of having had surgery for a lung pathology] but not a higher LOS. The data suggest that dyspnea is common and patients with a chronic lung condition should be considered a possibility before deciding to have surgery. Since the LOS was longer for patients in hospital, a possible cause for the longer LOS could be a desire to do the surgery in a hospital environment with many people present. Patients with severe dyspnea were more likely to report feelings of hopelessness, which was associated with worse outcomes.

Overall, the interventions used are mostly delivered in conjunction with other treatments. These interventions are used frequently (37% of the patients had some interventions) and there are a variety of methods used. More work is required to determine the level of benefit for each of the interventions. Moreover, while some of the interventions may be of use in the short term, the long-term benefit of interventions has not been assessed.

Dyspnea is a familial pattern that can be recognized in a multigenerational pedigree and should be routinely investigated by genetic studies. Genetic counseling is often indicated in this situation, because dyspnea can arise in response to various life-threatening and curable diseases, including hereditary heart conditions and pneumothorax.

There have been a few reports of novel drugs being used in the treatment of dyspnea, including: [cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors.], [osmoteslicase, and [mefenamic acid.] These drugs are all being used to target the specific biochemical pathway(s) involved in causing or perpetuating dyspnea. However, none of these drugs have been shown to meet the US Food and Drug Administration's [requirement,] “to have a compelling medical rationale or proof of efficacy to prove the safety and efficacy of their use.

Lung and chest wall motion during speech was unchanged by three interventions. Speech breathing is likely to increase abdominal breathing during speech, and lung and chest wall motion during speech. These movements may be of little clinical importance. Results from a recent clinical trial from this pilot study suggest that interventions aimed at breathing as a means of improving speaking skills will have limited effect in improving speech quality.