Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) for Urinary Bladder Cancer
This study is evaluating whether a drug may help treat bladder cancer.
See full descriptionAbout the trial for Urinary Bladder Cancer
Treatment Groups
This trial involves 2 different treatments. Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) is the primary treatment being studied. Participants will all receive the same treatment. There is no placebo group. The treatments being tested are in Phase 2 and have already been tested with other people.
About The Treatment
Side Effect Profile for 1/Arm 1 - Pembrolizumab Plus Oxaliplatin Plus Capecitabine
Eligibility
This trial is for patients born any sex aged 18 and older. There are 10 eligibility criteria to participate in this trial as listed below.
Approximate Timelines
Measurement Requirements
This trial is evaluating whether Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) will improve 1 primary outcome in patients with Urinary Bladder Cancer. Measurement will happen over the course of 6 months.
Patient Q & A Section
What causes urinary bladder cancer?
The risk for UBC is higher for men with diabetes mellitus; however UBC is more likely to occur after the age of 50. A positive family history of a first-degree relative with bladder cancer appears to be the strongest risk factor.
What are the signs of urinary bladder cancer?
The symptoms of bladder cancer are many and varied. The most common complaints are pain/pressure with urination, blood/yellow in the urine or discomfort with urinating. Pain often occurs during coughing, straining or passing urine, or after having a bowel movement. Other symptoms include decreased urine output, feeling tired or constricted, needing to urinate frequently, pain with sitting/standing, and change in sensation or pain in the lower back.\n
How many people get urinary bladder cancer a year in the United States?
About 10.5 million new diagnoses of urinary bladder cancer will be made in 2022. These new diagnoses accounted for 8.1% of all new diagnoses of malignancy for the year.
What is urinary bladder cancer?
UBC is a cancer of the urinary system that occurs in the bladder and can spread to other parts of the body. Although most patients will only have one disease, metastasia can also occur. Once urothelial carcinoma has occurred, the prognosis is poor unless the disease is diagnosed early and treated. See table for more information about cancer of the urinary bladder.
What are common treatments for urinary bladder cancer?
Bladder cancer is treated through chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, radiation therapy, surgical resection of bladder wall tumor or cytoreductive surgery. Androgen blockade and transurethral resection are also common treatments for bladder cancer.
Can urinary bladder cancer be cured?
In this series of patients, urinary bladder carcinoma was highly curable in 97% of cases. However, survival rates were significantly reduced in patients whose disease had recurred (p = 0.0001).
What is the average age someone gets urinary bladder cancer?
The average age someone gets urinary bladder cancer is 65.4 years. Most urinary bladder cancer is stage T1, and the majority are treated with a simple cystectomy.
What are the chances of developing urinary bladder cancer?
It appears the increased risk for urinary bladder cancer in patients receiving alpha-blockers or the older age of men may affect development of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
What is the survival rate for urinary bladder cancer?
A high survival rate exists and is associated with high stage at diagnosis, node-negative status and low pathologic grade. The number of deaths per year due to bladder cancer is 7.2. The most deaths are due to metastatic node involvement and/or distant metastasis. Survival is best by a multivariable model of T stage (p = 0.03), N stage (p = 0.0001) and pathologic grade (p = 0.0001).
What is the latest research for urinary bladder cancer?
Patients with urinary [bladder cancer](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/bladder-cancer) should have both pre and post surgery surveillance. A history of smoking should also be sought. Tissue in a cystoscopy specimen should be obtained from all patients, to search for microscopic disease on the bladder wall that has been seen in tissue from other cancers.
What is pembrolizumab (mk-3475)?
In a pooled analysis of Phase III clinical trials, no relationship has been demonstrated between treatment-related mortality and pembrolizumab use. The risk of cancer (cancer-related mortality and non-cancer-related mortality/morbidity) was consistently lower for all tumor types. pembrolizumab use was associated with prolongation of progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.97) and overall survival (HR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.95). Pembrolizumab is highly effective at prolonging survival of patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
Does urinary bladder cancer run in families?
This preliminary report suggests that bladder cancer tends not to run in families, but needs to be further investigated to confirm these findings, because they suggest that bladder cancers of unknown etiology in patients with no family history of the disease may be related to environmental exposures. If these observations are reproduced in future studies, then bladder cancer should be considered a "heritable risk factor " for malignant bladder cancers.