Despite the absence of any cure for [bladder cancer](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/bladder-cancer), there should still be no doubt that such a cure would be a blessing, and would be the culmination of many years of research into the problem, and it could be the dawning of a new era in cancer management.
The common treatment for prostate cancer is surgical resection. For both bladder cancer and prostate cancer, a combination of various multimodal treatments may present an improvement in both PFS and OS.
Some symptoms or signs of urinary bladder cancer can be mistaken for other conditions, such as fever, pain in the kidneys or ureters, blood in the urine, frequent urination, or pain when urinating. Symptoms or signs are not specific to urinary bladder cancer, even when many are present. Urinary blood, fever, frequent urination, pain with urination, and unintentional weight loss should all prompt patients with urinary symptoms to have a medical examination, including consideration of urinary bladder cancer.
Risk factors for bladder cancer include smoking, alcohol consumption, and occupational exposure to chemicals and radiation. Genetic or inherited factors also seem to have a role in determining the risk of bladder cancer.
Approximately 10,000 cases of urothelial cancer are diagnosed yearly in the US. It is the most common cancer of the urinary tract, most commonly occurring in men, and ranks fifth in mortality from malignant disease.
Urothelial bladder cancers are the fourth leading cause of deaths in females in the UK. It is now more common in women than in men, and is linked to smoking, particularly over the age of 60. Urinary bladder cancer affects about 11,500 people annually in the UK. The diagnosis is most effective when made at an early stage which is when treatment is likely to be most effective. Treatment has improvements and many bladder cancers can be cured if detected in the early stages. This is of great importance in that many bladder cancers are asymptomatic, and at more advanced stages the outlook is worse and treatment less effective. The treatment options involve surgery, brachytherapy, immunotherapy or other treatments.
As expected, noninvasive [bladder cancer](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/bladder-cancer) tended to spread more slowly than invasive disease. The mean time between radical cystectomy for localized disease and the subsequent need for a second surgery to remove lymph nodes or metastases was more than 9 months. Cancer 2016;122:4799-80. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Recent developments in the treatment of bladder cancer have been limited to biologic targeted therapies, although several oncologic agents are currently in Phase III clinical trials. Despite a reasonable number of targeted agents, treatment options for bladder cancer remain sparse. Future trials may offer improved patient selection, more effective drug therapies or combinations of agents.
Patients with an untreated urinary tract infection should be tested for bladder cancer before initiating an adjuvant treatment such as BCG or EPI to reduce the risk of death from bladder cancer. BCG immunotherapy should be strongly considered to prevent recurrence in patients with T1G3 bladder cancer and should be considered a viable alternative therapy versus EPI in the treatment of T1G3 bladder cancer after chemotherapy.
Results from a recent paper demonstrates the importance of urinary [bladder cancer](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/bladder-cancer) and this may help primary care physicians to diagnose and treat urinary bladder cancer patients at the optimal time before tumor progression leads to cancer death.
As the initial reports suggested, the tumor-related morbidity and mortality are still high, but the patients can tolerate the treatments well without major side effects. More importantly, because it is a safe and effective means for reducing tumor-related organ dysfunction, tas 102 has attracted large amounts of patients and interest from other institutions across the world.
The recent most recent research suggests that bladder cancer can be prevented when patients avoid exposure to known carcinogens and do not smoke. The American Urological Association has called for urgent action by the general population in an effort to prevent bladder cancer.