The data in this review have failed to provide a convincing argument for curing Huntington's disease using a novel gene therapy or any other technique. There is very little likelihood of a satisfactory outcome and the most promising therapies are very, very expensive. There has been widespread enthusiasm for this as a remedy for the disease in a number of prominent journals, but there is little justification for being optimistic on their effectiveness. There is some evidence of promising (albeit short-lived) outcomes which seem to support the approach. However, the evidence was always, always, based on a very small number of experiments and on no convincing analysis. There has been widespread excitement with these reports.
The cause of Huntington disease in a large part has never been determined because of ethical considerations about brain and spinal cord samples collected from subjects with HD who died shortly before neuropsychiatry started using brain samples.\n
Huntington disease is a genetic disorder of the brain that alters the structure and function of the basal ganglia, specifically the striatum. Clinical signs, genotype, and age at symptom onset vary between patients with different types of Huntington disease.
Most individuals with HD seek health care with the primary goal of decreasing symptoms. Medications are commonly prescribed when no other treatments are successful; behavioral therapies are frequently used to treat symptoms or to assist in managing activities of daily living; and education programs are used to help family members of sufferers in their efforts to manage long-term care.
It is estimated that there are about 7,000 persons in the United States over the age of 35 with definite Huntington disease. This number would not be included in the estimates of people getting Huntington disease because it is difficult to determine whether they have the mutated Huntingtin protein.
Aspects of behaviour in people with Huntington disease are usually the earliest signs. As the disease worsens, more symptoms emerge including cognition, gait, and speech. Finally, the disease progresses into brainstem dysfunction, and death of striatal neurons by necrosis. This will generally occur between 10-15 years after disease onset.\n
It seems that research in the field of Huntington disease is pretty much at a standstill. Clinical trials are very few in number and none is nearing the end of Phase II. All that can be said as of right now is that we probably will never know an effective agent to treat the disease once and for all.
There are many studies being published in scientific English-language journals, which are relevant to this topic. But the most recent study in a scientific English-language journal, which discusses the current state of Huntington's disease, is published by James P. Dolan in "The Lancet Neurology". For HD, it's an exciting time for its scientists and its patients. There is a lot going on, which has important implications for the future of the disease and for future research.
Results from a recent clinical trial suggest that, under appropriate clinical supervision, anx005 has a very low rate of adverse events and may be an effective treatment for some individuals with HD.
This information can aid in counseling patients and family members at risk for HD. Since a majority do not know their risk for HD, it would be an important step for them to learn that the average age people are first diagnosed with HD is around 44 years of age. Furthermore, this information is critical in informing patients of the fact that the risk of getting HD increases exponentially with every additional year they live.
Anxiety is a common symptom when an HD patient begins taking the drug. However, when anxiety continues after taking anxiety drugs the medication must be stopped. Anxiety in HD patients is more likely to occur than in the general population due to HD itself, or because anxiety drugs are given. It is very important for psychiatrists and neurologists to monitor for anxiety to determine if it develops due to medication side-effects or if it is from a serious underlying cause such as psychosis, depression, or a anxiety related bipolar disorder.
The prognosis for the majority of patients is guarded at best, particularly if they have early-stage disease. The only people who have a long life expectancies are those who survive Huntington disease before the onset of the disease, but this is not true for everyone. So the prognosis for an individual depends also on their life expectancy and how much brain damage they have suffered over a period of time.