Visual Search Strategies for Healthy Subjects
CT
JM
Overseen ByJeremy M Wolfe, PHD
Age: 18+
Sex: Any
Trial Phase: Academic
Sponsor: Brigham and Women's Hospital
No Placebo GroupAll trial participants will receive the active study treatment (no placebo)
Trial Summary
Do I need to stop taking my current medications to join the trial?
The trial information does not specify whether you need to stop taking your current medications.
Is the treatment in the Visual Search Strategies trial safe for humans?
How does the treatment 'Choice, Mixed trials' differ from other treatments for visual search strategies?
The 'Choice, Mixed trials' treatment is unique because it focuses on visual search strategies by using choice-architectural strategies like priming posters and nutrition labels to influence visual attention and decision-making, rather than directly altering the condition itself. This approach is novel as it aims to modify behavior through environmental cues and visual stimuli, which is different from traditional treatments that might involve medication or direct interventions.678910
What is the purpose of this trial?
The goal is to look for qualitative differences in visual search behavior when one search is performed many times in a row compared to when multiple search tasks are intermixed. Four search tasks are tested. The target is the same in every task but the types of distractors change from task to task. In this version, observers get some degree of choice in what they are searching.
Research Team
JM
Jeremy M Wolfe, PhD
Principal Investigator
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Eligibility Criteria
This trial is suitable for individuals with normal color vision and at least 20/25 corrected visual acuity. It's not open to those with a history of neuromuscular or visual disorders, or attention deficit disorder.Inclusion Criteria
Pass Ishihara color vision test
Exclusion Criteria
Vision less than 20/25 with correction
History of neuromuscular or visual disorders
Timeline
Screening
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial
2-4 weeks
Experimentation
Participants engage in visual search tasks under different conditions: Trial Choice, Block Choice, Random, Blocked, and Yoked.
Varies by condition
Multiple sessions
Follow-up
Participants are monitored for response time and accuracy after completing the tasks
4 weeks
Treatment Details
Interventions
- Choice
- Mixed trials
Trial Overview The study examines differences in visual search behavior by comparing repeated searches (blocked trials) against varied searches (mixed trials). Participants have some choice in their search tasks, which involve identifying a consistent target among changing distractors.
Participant Groups
5Treatment groups
Experimental Treatment
Group I: Yoked conditionExperimental Treatment2 Interventions
Participants in this condition see trials in the order chosen by a participant in the Trial Choice condition. Again, to keep the motor demands similar to the choice conditions, at the beginning of each trial, participants need to click the highlighted task button for the assigned task type though they have no choice in the matter.
Group II: Trial Choice conditionExperimental Treatment2 Interventions
In this condition, participants are allowed to choose which task to perform on each trial. At the beginning of each trial, the message "Choose your task" appears in the center of the screen. Participants choose one of four tasks by clicking on the corresponding button on the left side of the patch. The button is deactivated when the number of trials completed in a task reached 50. If a deactivated button is clicked, the message "Choose another task" appears at the center again.
Group III: Random conditionExperimental Treatment2 Interventions
In this condition, participants do not choose which task to perform on each trial. The order of the trials is randomized and assigned to the participant before each trial. Before each trial, the target task is highlighted and activated, while the other buttons remain deactivated. The trial begins only when the participant clicks on the correct task button.
Group IV: Blocked conditionExperimental Treatment2 Interventions
In this condition, participants also have no choice. Here, trials of each task type are presented in a blocked fashion. After 50 trials of one type, the task is changed to another task. To keep the motor demands similar to the choice conditions, at the beginning of each trial, participants need to click the highlighted button for the assigned task type. The order of blocks is counterbalanced across participants.
Group V: Block Choice conditionExperimental Treatment2 Interventions
In this condition, participants begin by choosing one of the four tasks. Participants do not need to choose a task before each trial; the current trial is drawn automatically from the most recently chosen task until the participant actively chooses to switch tasks or until the full complement of trials for that task is exhausted. At the start of each trial, a "switch" button appears at the center of the display for 700 msec. If participants click on that button within the 700 msec, they are prompted to select the task. If participants does not click the switch button within the 700 msec window, the button vanished and a trial from the current task will be presented. When the number of trials of one task reaches its limit, participants are asked to select another task.
Find a Clinic Near You
Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Lead Sponsor
Trials
1,694
Recruited
14,790,000+
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Collaborator
Trials
572
Recruited
1,320,000+
Findings from Research
Explicitly reporting the incremental risk of adverse reactions, rather than just total rates, significantly reduces worry about complications among patients, as shown in two survey experiments with over 3,400 participants.
This method of presenting risks helps patients better understand the baseline risk and the additional risk posed by medications, potentially leading to improved decision-making regarding treatment options.
NCBI (Pubmed)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Alternate methods of framing information about medication side effects: incremental risk versus total risk of occurrence.Zikmund-Fisher, BJ., Fagerlin, A., Roberts, TR., et al.[2013]
The study analyzed adverse event (AE) data from six randomized controlled trials involving schizophrenia treatments, highlighting that the absolute prevalence and expected duration of AEs provide a more comprehensive understanding of a drug's safety compared to just incidence rates.
Using a new metric to assess the drug-placebo difference in AE prevalence, the research found that some AEs not listed in the standard drug label significantly impacted drug tolerability, suggesting that including these metrics in drug labels could enhance safety signal detection and inform better treatment choices.
NCBI (Pubmed)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
A Novel Method for Deriving Adverse Event Prevalence in Randomized Controlled Trials: Potential for Improved Understanding of Benefit-Risk Ratio and Application to Drug Labels.Piacentino, D., Ogirala, A., Lew, R., et al.[2023]
Visualizing adverse events in clinical trials using methods like dot plots and volcano plots can enhance communication about the severity, timing, and recurrence of harms, rather than just counting occurrences.
The study analyzed individual participant data from a randomized trial of gabapentin for neuropathic pain, demonstrating that effective visualizations can help stakeholders better understand the multidimensional nature of harms in clinical research.
NCBI (Pubmed)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Comparing the Value of Data Visualization Methods for Communicating Harms in Clinical Trials.Qureshi, R., Chen, X., Goerg, C., et al.[2022]
References
Data visualization explorer: A tool for participant representation in pivotal trials of FDA-approved medicinal products. [2023]
Alternate methods of framing information about medication side effects: incremental risk versus total risk of occurrence. [2013]
A Novel Method for Deriving Adverse Event Prevalence in Randomized Controlled Trials: Potential for Improved Understanding of Benefit-Risk Ratio and Application to Drug Labels. [2023]
Comparing the Value of Data Visualization Methods for Communicating Harms in Clinical Trials. [2022]
Visualising harms in publications of randomised controlled trials: consensus and recommendations. [2023]
Sensory Appeal and Routines Beat Health Messages and Visibility Enhancements: Mixed-Methods Analysis of a Choice-Architecture Intervention in a Workplace Cafeteria. [2022]
Secondary Outcomes of a Front-of-Pack-Labelling Randomised Controlled Experiment in a Representative British Sample: Understanding, Ranking Speed and Perceptions. [2022]
When ethics also matter: Influence of taste, health, and ethical attributes on food decisions traced with a novel mouse-tracking paradigm. [2023]
Assessing attentional prioritization of front-of-pack nutrition labels using change detection. [2019]
Preference option randomized design (PORD) for comparative effectiveness research: Statistical power for testing comparative effect, preference effect, selection effect, intent-to-treat effect, and overall effect. [2023]
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