Treatment for Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic

Results from a recent clinical trial suggest that adenoma, carcinoma is an aggressive disease, and that it has spread to mediastinal lymph nodes. Our patients who underwent pleural aspiration should be carefully follow-up with radiological findings.

Carcinoma, adenoid cystic can be benign (adenomyoepithelial) or malignant (carcinoma) (cancer in situ). In the former case, surgical excision followed by radiotherapy is justified, in the latter case chemotherapy and then radiotherapy are necessary.

Cancers that have not metastasized are not always curable at the time of diagnosis; therefore, a wide surgical excision in combination with systemic chemotherapy may be indicated.

Around 14,000 to 37,000 cases of ACC are diagnosed each year in the United States. The incidence of cancer of the ACC appears stable during the last 3 decades.

The treatment for cancer varies according to the tumor type. For malignant neoplasms involving bone, the treatments usually involve radiotherapy and surgery. For carcinoma, radiation therapy and chemotherapy are usually considered to be the treatments. For adenoid cystic carcinoma, radiation or surgery is generally suggested.

About 30% of carcinomas and 10% of adenoid cystic tumors are inherited. Carcinoma and adenoid cystic tumours are often polyfunctional genetic disorders, and several of them are caused by mutations in mismatch repair genes. The high frequency of inherited mutations in tumours suggests that a significant proportion of carcinoma and adenoid cystic tumours are caused by somatic mistakes during DNA repair. However, adenoma and carcinomas caused by germline mutations in DNA repair genes are rare (2%). The remainder (60%) in our cohort were probably caused by somatic mutations following the disruption of the DNA-repair process. These tumours are probably more often associated with somatic mutations than germline mutations.

The American Joint Committee on Cancer provided a system to classify cancers based on the morphology at diagnosis. The presence of a well circumscribed mass at presentation was the first and the second most common indicator of malignancy in carcinoma, adenoid cystic. In carcinoma, adenoid cystic, presence of lymphadenopathy or bone marrow involvement was also noted as indicators of malignancy. Clinically, there was no reliable sign/symptom of malignancy. The first line treatment in all cases remains surgical, with a significant survival benefit. The most common cause for death in this group is related to lung cancer.

Results from a recent clinical trial suggest that the prevalence ratio of ADE might be higher than the prevalence ratio of carcinoma in the present study. They also raise the possibility of the presence of a new tumor entity in ADE group in addition to the previously established disease entity. However, the exact cause(s) of this association remains to be determined.

Results from a recent paper, the patients aged 60 years or older, or women with malignant tumor, or history of recent malignancy, or lymph node tumor or radiotherapy, or current treatment of metastatic malignancy, had a higher response rate than all other subgroups. The elderly, women, and patients with a history of cancer or metastases should consider clinical trials for cancer.

The number of years of OS was significantly better in the TP group, so we conclude that treatments, such as radiotherapy, that have proven to be more effective than a placebo are also more effective than a placebo.

The findings reported herein may have direct and indirect clinical applications in the prevention of disease progression and clinical presentation. The role of adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced carcinoma of the middle ear is a topic for further study.