Findings from a recent study suggest that the mechanism of action of antiandrogens is complex, but that specific inhibition of AR signaling may override the more general effects of androgens in prostate carcinogenesis.
As treatment options for prostate cancer have improved over the last 25 years due to increased awareness, education and treatment, most patients are now able to choose to receive a variety of management options, including surgery, radiation therapy and some newer medication based treatments. These options make prostate cancer a very treatable disease.
Prostate is the most common cancer in males. The American Cancer Society estimates that there will be more than 178,000 new cases and more than 68,000 related deaths per year in the US in 2019. Prostate cancer is classified based on the Gleason scoring system as well as the percentage of cancer in the prostate. The lower the percentage of cancer in the prostate and the lower the Gleason score, the lower the risk for prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer is not a rare disease that has many common signs and symptoms; it is more likely to be diagnosed after it has already metastasized.
Men and women and many healthcare professionals hold the belief that cancer can be cured, even when there is significant evidence of the contrary. Data from a recent study is a first step in understanding the factors associated with a belief that cancer can be cured. Data from a recent study suggest that many doctors and patients, particularly in the context of [advanced prostate cancer](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/advanced-prostate-cancer), are more likely to interpret symptoms as signs of an underlying progressive disease if they also expect a cure will be achieved. Understanding the belief that cancer can be cured, and the factors associated with this belief, will help us design effective and informative treatment for people with prostate cancer.
The US Preventive Cervical Cancer Task Force (2009) identified the need to more fully characterize the burden of PCa and its natural history to guide its prevention, including the development of recommendations to minimize the number of men at high risk for PCa. A detailed review is required to characterize the burden of PCa and the natural history of this disease, including disease and death from PCa and causes of PCa in males.
A number of rare alleles at several well-studied loci were identified that may increase the risk of prostate cancer. Other genes or loci that could be causal agents have yet to be discovered.
Testicular cancer is not only treated with or without orchiectomy. It must be kept in mind when evaluating flutamide therapy in terms of oncological outcomes.
Prostate cancer typically presents as a slow-growing prostate cancer in patients who have experienced prostatic enlargement that occurs at an average age of 72 years.
Results from a recent clinical trial indicates that approximately one in 6 men in the general population have BPH. Of these men, approximately one in 9 will develop prostate cancer with approximately 70 in 1 million men at risk from prostate cancer. The likelihood of developing prostate cancer increases with age, and the five-year risks for Caucasian, African American or Hispanic men is in the range of 9.5%-16.9% and 8.0%-17.2%, respectively.
Results from a recent paper of the meta-analysis indicates that the two existing randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials and one observational study evaluating the efficacy of flutamide in the treatment of prostate cancer could not find a statistically significant superiority of flutamide compared to placebo. There appears to be no compelling rationale for the use of flutamide as treatment in prostate cancer. More trials examining the efficacy of flutamide are necessary.
Findings from a recent study of this study are very encouraging for the detection of the spread of prostate cancer. Despite the PSA group presenting an increase in the incidence of metastatic disease, in patients that had a Gleason score of 7 to 10 the risk group was undetectable. This demonstrates the ability of PSA to detect early spread of prostate cancer and the need for alternative markers of the disease to be used.