60 Participants Needed

Dietary Fatty Acid Profiles for Type 2 Diabetes

(METAc Trial)

AV
Overseen ByAlain Veilleux, PhD
No Placebo GroupAll trial participants will receive the active study treatment (no placebo)

Trial Summary

Will I have to stop taking my current medications?

The trial requires you to stop taking dietary supplements like vitamins and probiotics at least 2 weeks before starting. It doesn't specify about other medications, so you might not need to stop them, but it's best to check with the trial organizers.

What data supports the effectiveness of the treatment Dietary Fatty Acid Profiles for Type 2 Diabetes?

Research shows that nutrition therapy, including dietary interventions, can effectively help manage blood sugar levels, cholesterol, and blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes. Additionally, diets high in monounsaturated fats and omega-3 fatty acids have been found to improve metabolic control in these patients.12345

Is the dietary fatty acid profile treatment safe for humans?

Research on dietary fatty acids, including omega-3 fatty acids like EPA and DHA, suggests they are generally safe for people with type 2 diabetes, as they have been studied for their effects on heart health and mortality without significant safety concerns.678910

How is the dietary fatty acid profile treatment different from other treatments for type 2 diabetes?

This treatment focuses on adjusting the types of fats in the diet, such as increasing omega-3 fatty acids, which may influence metabolic control and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. Unlike medications, this approach uses dietary changes to potentially improve health outcomes.911121314

What is the purpose of this trial?

The proposed project mainly aims to investigate the microbial processes leading to dietary metabolites production, independently of long-term microbiota adaptation to the diet, by measuring the microbiota-derived metabolite production from a meal sequence rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA) or the same meals but rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in individuals with or without obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D)

Research Team

AV

Alain Veilleux, PhD

Principal Investigator

Laval University

Eligibility Criteria

This trial is for men and women aged 45-65, with a BMI of 20-35 kg/m², who are generally healthy and have a moderate diet quality. They must understand French and have internet access. It's not for smokers, heavy drinkers, recent antibiotic users, those on omega-3 supplements or with significant weight changes recently.

Inclusion Criteria

Basic understanding of written French
Basic understanding of written French ;
The number of times you go to the bathroom each day.
See 10 more

Exclusion Criteria

You take omega-3 dietary supplements.
You currently use tobacco and cannabis.
I have type 1 diabetes or use insulin for my diabetes.
See 5 more

Timeline

Screening

Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial

1-2 weeks

Run-in Diet

Participants undergo a 3-day run-in diet to standardize conditions before the main dietary interventions

3 days

Dietary Intervention

Participants follow a 2-day diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and a 2-day diet rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA)

4 days

Follow-up

Participants are monitored for fasting and postprandial lipid metabolite production and gut microbiota composition

7 days

Treatment Details

Interventions

  • Nutritional intervention
Trial Overview The study looks at how different types of fats in meals (saturated vs. polyunsaturated fatty acids) affect the production of certain metabolites by gut bacteria in people with/without obesity and Type 2 diabetes.
Participant Groups
1Treatment groups
Experimental Treatment
Group I: SingleExperimental Treatment1 Intervention
All participating subjects will undergo 3 feeding phases : 3 days of a run-in diet, 2 days of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) diet and 2 days of a saturated fatty acid (SFA) diet.

Find a Clinic Near You

Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?

Laval University

Lead Sponsor

Trials
439
Recruited
178,000+

Findings from Research

Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients initially have an unfavorable fat consumption profile, with 40.9% of their energy intake from fat, including high levels of saturated fatty acids compared to the general population.
After dietary consultation, patients significantly improved their fat intake within 8 weeks, maintaining healthier levels for 4 years, although they still did not fully meet recommendations for total and saturated fat consumption.
Fat intake in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: a 4-year follow-up study in general practice.van de Laar, FA., van de Lisdonk, EH., Lucassen, PL., et al.[2018]
Strong evidence indicates that the total amount of carbohydrates consumed is more crucial for managing diabetes than the specific type of carbohydrate, highlighting the importance of portion control and meal planning.
Nutrition therapy is effective in achieving treatment goals for blood sugar, lipids, and blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes, and ongoing monitoring is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle changes and medication adjustments.
Prioritizing diabetes nutrition recommendations based on evidence.Franz, MJ.[2015]
A study involving 124 overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes showed that both high-monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and high-carbohydrate (CHO) diets resulted in similar weight loss and improvements in glycemic control over one year.
Both diets led to comparable benefits in body composition and cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting that high-MUFA diets can be a viable alternative to traditional high-CHO diets for managing type 2 diabetes.
One-year comparison of a high-monounsaturated fat diet with a high-carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes.Brehm, BJ., Lattin, BL., Summer, SS., et al.[2022]

References

Fat intake in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: a 4-year follow-up study in general practice. [2018]
Prioritizing diabetes nutrition recommendations based on evidence. [2015]
One-year comparison of a high-monounsaturated fat diet with a high-carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes. [2022]
Omega-3, omega-6, and total dietary polyunsaturated fat for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. [2022]
A protein-enriched low glycemic index diet with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation exerts beneficial effects on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes. [2022]
Dietary fats and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes: analysis in two population based cohort studies. [2022]
Marine omega-3 fatty acid intake: associations with cardiometabolic risk and response to weight loss intervention in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study. [2021]
Dietary fat composition and cardiac events in patients with type 2 diabetes. [2022]
The effects of omega-3 fatty acids in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. [2022]
Associations of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intakes with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes: Result from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2008. [2023]
[IMPACT OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS ON LIPID PROFILE, INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND FUNCTIONALITY OF PANCREATIC β CELLS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS]. [2017]
12.United Statespubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Omega-3 fatty acids in adipose tissue of obese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus reflect long-term dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid. [2018]
13.United Statespubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Metabolic Effects of Monounsaturated Fatty Acid-Enriched Diets Compared With Carbohydrate or Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Enriched Diets in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. [2022]
Fatty acid intake and its dietary sources in relation with markers of type 2 diabetes risk: The NEO study. [2018]
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