Resistance Training for Type 1 Diabetes

Recruiting at 1 trial location

Overseen By Sarah P King, BS,BA

Age: < 18

Sex: Any

Trial Phase: Academic

Sponsor: University of Louisville

Disqualifiers: Physical limitations, Non-English-speaking

No Placebo Group All trial participants will receive the active study treatment (no placebo)

Compensation: Varies

Number of Visits: Unknown

Duration: 12 weeks

15 Participants Needed

Trial Summary

What is the purpose of this trial?

The purpose of this study is to learn how different resistance training programs affects blood sugar in young athletes with T1DM.

Do I need to stop my current medications for the trial?

The trial information does not specify whether you need to stop taking your current medications. It's best to ask the study team for more details.

What data supports the effectiveness of the treatment Resistance Training for Type 1 Diabetes?

Resistance training can improve muscle strength, body composition, and metabolic health in people with type 1 diabetes. It has been shown to reduce HbA1c levels, which is a measure of blood sugar control, and can have positive effects on muscle mass and inflammation. ^{1 2 3 4 5}

Is resistance training safe for people with diabetes?

Resistance training is generally safe for people with diabetes, including those with type 1 diabetes, when done properly. It is associated with health benefits like improved physical functioning and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, and serious adverse events are not common. ^{1 3 4 6 7}

How is resistance training different from other treatments for type 1 diabetes?

Resistance training is unique because it not only helps improve muscle strength and fitness but also aids in better blood sugar control by reducing HbA1c levels, which is a measure of long-term blood sugar. Unlike some other treatments, it can also reduce the risk of low blood sugar episodes during and after exercise, making it a beneficial addition to the usual insulin therapy for people with type 1 diabetes. ^{1 3 4 8 9}

Eligibility Criteria

This trial is for young athletes who have had Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) for at least two years, use continuous glucose monitoring, and are familiar with strength training. They must be over 13 years old and have an HbA1C level of 10% or lower. It's not suitable for those with physical limitations that affect exercise or non-English speakers.

Inclusion Criteria

I use a continuous glucose monitor for my diabetes.

Your HbA1C level is less than or equal to 10%.

I am 13 years old or older.

Exclusion Criteria

Non-English-speaking individual

I have a physical condition that might stop me from completing study tasks.

Timeline

Screening

Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial

2-4 weeks

Treatment

Participants engage in resistance training methods such as bench press, deadlift, and seated overhead press machine to assess glucose response

12 weeks

Weekly in-person sessions

Follow-up

Participants are monitored for safety and effectiveness after treatment

4 weeks

Treatment Details

Interventions

• Resistance Training

Trial Overview The study is examining how different resistance training programs impact blood sugar control in individuals with T1DM. Participants will engage in various strength-training exercises to see which regimen might be most beneficial.

Participant Groups

Group I: Resistance Training Experimental Treatment 1 Intervention

Bench press, Deadlift, Seated overhead press machine

Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?

University of Louisville

Lead Sponsor

Trials

353

Recruited

76,400+

Norton Healthcare

Collaborator

Trials

17

Recruited

2,900+

Findings from Research

Resistance training is an important addition to exercise programs for individuals with diabetes, as it enhances muscular conditioning and overall health.

The article provides guidelines for safely prescribing resistance training for people with diabetes, considering both those with and without vascular complications, ensuring effective and safe exercise regimens.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Resistance training guidelines for individuals with diabetes mellitus. Soukup, JT., Maynard, TS., Kovaleski, JE.[2017]

Resistance training (RT) is effective for improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with a significant pooled effect size of -0.34% in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels based on a meta-analysis of 23 studies involving 954 patients.

Patients with T2DM who have a shorter duration of diabetes (less than 6 years) and higher baseline HbA1c levels (≥7.5%) benefit more from RT, while those with higher baseline BMI (≥32 kg/m²) see less improvement, suggesting that RT is particularly beneficial for early-stage T2DM patients with poor glycemic control.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

In Search of the Ideal Resistance Training Program to Improve Glycemic Control and its Indication for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ishiguro, H., Kodama, S., Horikawa, C., et al.[2022]

In a study involving 131 aerobically active individuals with type 1 diabetes, adding resistance training did not significantly change glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels compared to those who only performed aerobic exercise.

However, participants who engaged in resistance training experienced greater increases in muscular strength and a more significant reduction in waist circumference over 22 weeks, indicating benefits in body composition and fitness without affecting glycemic control.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

The Resistance Exercise in Already Active Diabetic Individuals (READI) Randomized Clinical Trial. Sigal, RJ., Yardley, JE., Perkins, BA., et al.[2023]

In a study involving 12 individuals with type 1 diabetes, resistance exercise led to a smaller initial drop in blood glucose during the activity compared to aerobic exercise, but resulted in more sustained reductions in blood glucose levels afterward.

The findings suggest that resistance exercise may be more effective than aerobic exercise for managing post-exercise glycemia, which could help explain the observed reductions in HbA(1c) levels associated with resistance training in type 1 diabetes.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Resistance versus aerobic exercise: acute effects on glycemia in type 1 diabetes. Yardley, JE., Kenny, GP., Perkins, BA., et al.[2022]

A 3-month resistance training program significantly increased maximal muscle strength in 11 male patients with long-term type 1 diabetes, indicating that they can adapt well to physical training.

Despite the improvement in muscle strength, there were no significant changes in serum irisin levels or metabolic control parameters like HbA1c, suggesting that while strength can improve, other metabolic factors may remain unchanged.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

The influence of resistance training on muscle strength, irisin concentration, and metabolic parameters in type 1 diabetic patients. Wróbel, M., Gołaś, A., Rokicka, D., et al.[2022]

Resistance training (RT) significantly reduces all-cause mortality and the incidence of cardiovascular disease while improving physical functioning in adults, based on an analysis of 11 systematic reviews involving over 382,000 participants.

Although adverse events were not consistently reported, serious adverse events related to RT were uncommon, suggesting that the benefits of resistance training outweigh the potential harms.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Resistance training and health in adults: an overview of systematic reviews. El-Kotob, R., Ponzano, M., Chaput, JP., et al.[2021]

In a study involving 14 physically active individuals with type 1 diabetes, a single session of strenuous resistance exercise did not significantly change insulin sensitivity compared to a non-exercise control group.

Insulin sensitivity was measured using a precise technique before exercise and at 12 and 36 hours after, showing no significant differences over time or between the groups.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Insulin-sensitivity response to a single bout of resistive exercise in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Jimenez, C., Santiago, M., Sitler, M., et al.[2019]

Resistance training significantly reduces glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in individuals with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), indicating improved glycemic control, based on a review of five studies.

Longer resistance training interventions, particularly in children and adolescents, not only lowered HbA1c but also increased strength and improved lipid profiles, suggesting additional health benefits.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Effects of resistance training on the glycemic control of people with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. de Abreu de Lima, V., de Menezes, FJ., da Rocha Celli, L., et al.[2023]

Exercise training, particularly a combination of strength exercises and high-intensity interval training, may help reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in individuals with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared to continuous aerobic exercise.

This proposed training regimen, performed three times a week, aims to improve long-term health markers and reduce the risk of complications associated with T1DM by enhancing glycemic control and overall physical fitness.

NCBI (Pubmed)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Exercise for type 1 diabetes mellitus management: General considerations and new directions. Farinha, JB., Krause, M., Rodrigues-Krause, J., et al.[2022]

References

1. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Resistance training guidelines for individuals with diabetes mellitus. [2017]

2. New Zealand pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

In Search of the Ideal Resistance Training Program to Improve Glycemic Control and its Indication for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. [2022]

3. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

The Resistance Exercise in Already Active Diabetic Individuals (READI) Randomized Clinical Trial. [2023]

4. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Resistance versus aerobic exercise: acute effects on glycemia in type 1 diabetes. [2022]

5. Poland pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

The influence of resistance training on muscle strength, irisin concentration, and metabolic parameters in type 1 diabetic patients. [2022]

6. Canada pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Resistance training and health in adults: an overview of systematic reviews. [2021]

7. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Insulin-sensitivity response to a single bout of resistive exercise in type 1 diabetes mellitus. [2019]

8. Brazil pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Effects of resistance training on the glycemic control of people with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [2023]

9. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Exercise for type 1 diabetes mellitus management: General considerations and new directions. [2022]