Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Mental Health

Age: 18+

Sex: Any

Trial Phase: Academic

Sponsor: University of California, Los Angeles

No Placebo Group All trial participants will receive the active study treatment (no placebo)

Compensation: Varies

Number of Visits: Unknown

What You Need to Know Before You Apply

What is the purpose of this trial?

The goal of this study is to understand why certain treatments help people reduce repetitive negative thinking (RNT), which is common in many mental health problems. We want to:

1. Figure out what actually causes repetitive negative thinking to decrease when people use cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).

2. Find out which parts of RNT-focused CBT are the most important - the parts that truly make a difference in reducing RNT.

The main result we will look at is how much a person's repetitive negative thought patterns change from the start of the study to the end of treatment (16 weeks). We will measure this using the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire at baseline and week 16.

Are You a Good Fit for This Trial?

This trial is for adults experiencing anxiety, depression, or repetitive negative thinking. Participants should be willing to try therapy techniques and complete questionnaires over a 16-week period.

Inclusion Criteria

Access to a suitable smartphone/device (iPhone 8+ running iOS 16.4 or higher, or Android version 8 or higher)

Able to provide a valid Imperial Valley College email address

Access to internet

Exclusion Criteria

Self-reported current or past diagnosis or treatment for Bipolar disorder

Self-reported current or past diagnosis or currently receiving, or waiting to receive, treatment for substance abuse/dependence

Self-reported current diagnosis or currently receiving, or waiting to receive, treatment for alcohol abuse/dependence

What Are the Treatments Tested in This Trial?

Interventions

• Calming Minds Study

Trial Overview

The study tests different parts of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) aimed at reducing repetitive negative thoughts. Techniques include being present, breaking habits, being specific and kind, plus psychoeducation. Changes are measured over 16 weeks.

How Is the Trial Designed?

Group I: Break Habit + Be Specific+ Be Present Experimental Treatment 4 Interventions

Participants receive training in breaking the habit of RNT, specificity/concreteness, and absorption in direct experience in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group II: Break Habit + Be Specific + Be Kind Experimental Treatment 4 Interventions

Participants receive training in breaking the habit of RNT, specificity/concreteness, and self-compassion in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group III: Break Habit + Be Specific Experimental Treatment 3 Interventions

Participants receive training in both breaking the habit of RNT and increasing specificity/concreteness in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group IV: Break Habit + Be Present Experimental Treatment 3 Interventions

Participants receive training in both breaking the habit of RNT and absorption in direct experience in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group V: Break Habit + Be Kind + Be Present Experimental Treatment 4 Interventions

Participants receive training in breaking the habit of RNT, self-compassion, and absorption in direct experience in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group VI: Break Habit + Be Kind Experimental Treatment 3 Interventions

Participants receive training in both breaking the habit of RNT and self-compassion in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group VII: Break Habit Experimental Treatment 2 Interventions

Participants receive training in breaking the habit of repetitive negative thinking ("Break Habit") in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group VIII: Be Specific + Be Present Experimental Treatment 3 Interventions

Participants receive training in both specificity/concreteness and absorption in direct experience in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group IX: Be Specific + Be Kind + Be Present Experimental Treatment 4 Interventions

Participants receive training in specificity/concreteness, self-compassion, and absorption in direct experience in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group X: Be Specific + Be Kind Experimental Treatment 3 Interventions

Participants receive training in both specificity/concreteness and self-compassion in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group XI: Be Specific Experimental Treatment 2 Interventions

Participants receive training in increasing specificity and concreteness ("Be Specific") in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group XII: Be Present Experimental Treatment 2 Interventions

Participants receive training in absorption in direct experience ("Be Present") in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group XIII: Be Kind + Be Present Experimental Treatment 3 Interventions

Participants receive training in both self-compassion and absorption in direct experience in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group XIV: Be Kind Experimental Treatment 2 Interventions

Participants receive training in self-compassion ("Be Kind") in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group XV: ALL Experimental Treatment 5 Interventions

Participants receive training in all four RF-CBT components: breaking the habit of RNT, specificity/concreteness, self-compassion, and absorption in direct experience; in addition to standard psychoeducation.

Group XVI: Psychoeducation Only Active Control 1 Intervention

Participants receive only core psychoeducation without any additional RF-CBT components.

Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?

University of California, Los Angeles

Lead Sponsor

Trials

1,594

Recruited

10,430,000+

University of Exeter

Collaborator

Trials

207

Recruited

1,368,000+