50 Participants Needed

Stimulus Properties for Visual Attention

Age: 18 - 65
Sex: Any
Trial Phase: Academic
Sponsor: University of California, Santa Barbara
No Placebo GroupAll trial participants will receive the active study treatment (no placebo)

Trial Summary

What is the purpose of this trial?

How do we know what's important to look at in the environment? Sometimes, we need to look at objects because they are 'salient' (for example, bright flashing lights of a police car, or the stripes of a venomous animal), while other times, we need to ignore irrelevant salient locations and focus only on locations we know to be 'relevant'. These behaviors are often explained by the use of 'priority maps' which index the relative importance of different locations in the visual environment based on both their salience and relevance. In this research, we aim to understand how these factors interact when determining what's important to look at. Specifically, we are evaluating the extent to which the visual system considers locations that are known to be irrelevant when considering the salience of objects. We're testing the hypothesis that the visual system always computes maps of salient locations within 'feature maps', but that activity from these maps is not read out to guide behavior for task-irrelevant locations. We'll have people look at displays containing colored shapes and/or moving dots and report aspects of the visual stimulus (e.g., orientation of a line within a particular stimulus). We'll measure response times across conditions in which we manipulate the presence/absence of salient distracting stimuli and provide various kinds of cues about the potential relevance of different locations on the screen. The rationale is that by measuring changes in visual search behavior (and thus inferring computations performed on brain representations), we will determine how these aspects of simplified visual environments impact the brain's representation of important object locations. This will support future studies using brain imaging techniques aimed at identifying the neural mechanisms supporting the extraction of salient and relevant locations from visual scenes, which can inform future diagnosis/treatment of disorders which can impact our ability to perform visual search (e.g., schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease).

Will I have to stop taking my current medications?

The trial information does not specify whether you need to stop taking your current medications.

What data supports the effectiveness of the treatment Probing the Role of Feature Dimension Maps in Visual Cognition?

Research shows that focusing on specific dimensions, like color or shape, can improve how quickly and accurately people process visual information. This suggests that the treatment may help enhance visual attention by training the brain to better manage these dimensions.12345

Is the treatment for visual attention safe for humans?

The research articles provided do not contain specific safety data for the treatment related to visual attention, as they focus on understanding cognitive mechanisms and neural processes rather than evaluating safety in humans.34678

How does this treatment for visual attention differ from other treatments?

This treatment is unique because it focuses on dimension-based attention, which modulates early visual processing by enhancing the detection of specific features or dimensions in visual stimuli. Unlike other treatments that may not target these specific mechanisms, this approach aims to improve visual attention by influencing how the brain processes and prioritizes different visual dimensions.345910

Research Team

TC

Tommy C Sprague

Principal Investigator

University of California, Santa Barbara

Eligibility Criteria

This trial is for individuals interested in how we pay attention to important objects in our environment. Participants should be able to look at displays and report on visual stimuli. There are no specific inclusion or exclusion criteria provided, suggesting it may be open to a wide range of volunteers without particular health conditions.

Inclusion Criteria

My vision is normal or corrected to normal.

Exclusion Criteria

Not applicable.

Timeline

Screening

Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial

1-2 weeks

Treatment

Participants complete a visual search task involving unique target items based on specific feature dimensions

2 weeks
Multiple sessions

Follow-up

Participants are monitored for safety and effectiveness after treatment

2 weeks

Treatment Details

Interventions

  • Probing the Role of Feature Dimension Maps in Visual Cognition
Trial Overview The study tests how the presence of distracting stimuli and cues about location relevance affect our ability to focus on salient objects. It involves looking at colored shapes or moving dots and reporting details like line orientation, with response times being measured.
Participant Groups
1Treatment groups
Experimental Treatment
Group I: Manipulations of Relevant Locations (Expt 3.1 Pilot)Experimental Treatment3 Interventions
Participants will complete a visual search task in which they will covertly search for a unique target item based on a specific feature dimension indicated at the start of the experiment (unique color, unique motion direction, unique shape) in an 8 item array. At the beginning of each trial, participants will be visually cued (e.g., an arrowhead around fixation) to the side of the display the target item will appear (left, right, up, down). A proportion of all trials will contain a task-irrelevant, singleton distractor defined in a non-target dimension (e.g., color target and motion distractor)

Find a Clinic Near You

Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?

University of California, Santa Barbara

Lead Sponsor

Trials
33
Recruited
3,100+

National Eye Institute (NEI)

Collaborator

Trials
572
Recruited
1,320,000+

Findings from Research

The study found that dimension-based attention significantly affects early visual processing, as evidenced by increased reaction times when the target's defining dimension changed, but not when only its features changed.
Neurophysiological data showed increased activity in the dorsal occipital cortex and decreased activity in the left frontopolar cortex, supporting the idea that attention operates on dimensions rather than individual features in the initial stages of visual processing.
Dimension-based attention modulates early visual processing.Gramann, K., Töllner, T., Müller, HJ.[2010]
The study reveals that feature-based attention (FBA) enhances the brain's response to specific visual stimuli, improving how we process relevant information amidst distractions, as shown by event-related potentials recorded from human participants.
Distinct neural processes occur when processing unattended stimuli that share features with the attended target, indicating that FBA not only boosts responses to the attended attribute but also modulates broader cortical activity related to the feature dimension.
Human feature-based attention consists of two distinct spatiotemporal processes.Gledhill, D., Grimsen, C., Fahle, M., et al.[2019]
The study supports the feature integration theory (FIT) by demonstrating that detection tasks rely on dimension-specific mechanisms, while localization tasks utilize a more general approach across dimensions.
Results showed that switching between dimensions in detection tasks incurs costs, indicating that different cognitive processes are at play, which reinforces the idea that distinct mechanisms govern parallel and focal attention searches.
Feature integration theory revisited: dissociating feature detection and attentional guidance in visual search.Chan, LK., Hayward, WG.[2009]

References

Dimension-based working memory-driven capture of visual selection. [2011]
Probing the Neural Systems Underlying Flexible Dimensional Attention. [2021]
Dimension-based attention modulates early visual processing. [2010]
Human feature-based attention consists of two distinct spatiotemporal processes. [2019]
Feature integration theory revisited: dissociating feature detection and attentional guidance in visual search. [2009]
Dynamic weighting of feature dimensions in visual search: behavioral and psychophysiological evidence. [2021]
Dimensional attention as a mechanism of executive function: Integrating flexibility, selectivity, and stability. [2020]
Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for a dissociation between working memory capacity and feature-based attention. [2021]
Changing similarity: Stable and flexible modulations of psychological dimensions. [2018]
10.United Statespubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Dimension-based attention in visual short-term memory. [2018]
Unbiased ResultsWe believe in providing patients with all the options.
Your Data Stays Your DataWe only share your information with the clinical trials you're trying to access.
Verified Trials OnlyAll of our trials are run by licensed doctors, researchers, and healthcare companies.
Back to top
Terms of Service·Privacy Policy·Cookies·Security