afatinib for Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
This study is evaluating whether a combination of two drugs may help treat head and neck cancer.
See full descriptionAbout the trial for Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Treatment Groups
This trial involves 2 different treatments. Afatinib is the primary treatment being studied. Participants will all receive the same treatment. There is no placebo group. The treatments being tested are in Phase 2 and have already been tested with other people.
About The Treatment
Eligibility
This trial is for patients born any sex aged 18 and older. You must have received 1 prior treatment for Carcinoma, Squamous Cell or one of the other 3 conditions listed above. There are 10 eligibility criteria to participate in this trial as listed below.
Approximate Timelines
Measurement Requirements
This trial is evaluating whether afatinib will improve 1 primary outcome, 4 secondary outcomes, and 1 other outcome in patients with Carcinoma, Squamous Cell. Measurement will happen over the course of 1 year follow-up.
Patient Q & A Section
What causes carcinoma, squamous cell?
The risk factors we have identified from our retrospective analysis of 5,575 patients with SCC and 2,827 controls are similar with those presented in other SCC studies, but the magnitude of risk varies considerably from one population to another. The risk factors we have identified could serve as a surrogate for hereditary cancer studies.
Can carcinoma, squamous cell be cured?
The overall incidence of carcinoma, squamous cell was 1.18 per 100,000 person-years in Shanghai in 1997, and the incidence rates increased to 14.11 per 100,000 person-years in Shanghai in 2005. The incidence of carcinoma, squamous cell in non-smokers was 8.27 per 100,000 person-years in Shanghai in 1997, and the incidence rate increased to 18.89 per 100,000 person-years in Shanghai in 2005. The incidence rates of carcinoma, squamous cell in Shanghai were higher than the national incidence rates (1.01 per 100,000 person-years in 2007), and also higher than the national average of 4.
What are the signs of carcinoma, squamous cell?
Carcinoma, squamous cell typically causes the same symptoms as a viral illness such as the common cold. However this disease spreads in many different ways, and must be carefully evaluated.\n\nPatients may also develop a fever, feeling ill after eating or drinking fluids, or have shortness of breath. Some might have skin problems such as itching and itchy, painful rashes and other dermatological symptoms. Patients experiencing these symptoms may have trouble eating, trouble sleeping or they might stop taking their medicines. \n\nThere are various approaches to assessing the severity of symptoms.
What is carcinoma, squamous cell?
The eponymous carcinoma, squamous cell, can be grouped into various subtypes under which it can be classified depending on the type of epithelial tissue in which it grew. Most commonly, it is a squamous cell carcinoma, or "carcinoma, squamous cell". It also refers to cancers that are related to squamous cell epithelia, such as buccal, palate, urethral, vulvar/vaginal, cervical and laryngeal.
What are common treatments for carcinoma, squamous cell?
Cancers can be divided into three major types: lung (carcinoma, squamous cell and adenocarcinoma, squamous cell), prostate (carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma in situ and carcinoma, small cell, adenocarcinoma in situ) and brain (carcinomas and gliomas). The most common treatment for these cancers is surgery, although radiation therapy is also sometimes used. The presence of symptoms is an important, though insufficient, indication for a more invasive procedure.
How many people get carcinoma, squamous cell a year in the United States?
Approximately 100,000 cases of SCC are diagnosed a year in the US. This makes it the eighth leading cause of cancer death and a main cause of nonskin cancer in males. The most frequent sites of SCC are the prostate, the pharynx, and the tongue. The second most common site of SCC is the skin, specifically the head and neck area (27%) and the bladder (25%). The average age of presentation is 69 yr for cancers of the head and neck areas, 63 yr for the trunk and proximal extremities, and 71 yr for the distal extremities. There were no differences among racial/ethnic groups and age groups with respect to cancer presentation.
Is afatinib typically used in combination with any other treatments?
In general, patients often take multiple anticancer therapies. However, only 0.4% of the patients take afatinib as monotherapy. Thus, this type of therapeutic combination is not well suited for the vast majority of patients; some patients may show a significantly better quality of life if adjuvant treatment is initiated. Only a minority of patients (1%) take afatinib as monotherapy.
What is the survival rate for carcinoma, squamous cell?
The survival rate of the patients who underwent radical surgery was 50.8 %, including both locoregional recurrences and distant metastasis. Only the age and surgical approach were associated with prognosis. The survival rate of the patients who underwent local excision only was 42.2 %. There were no locoregional recurrences. The survival rate of the patients who underwent curative surgery was 61.4 %, including both locoregional recurrences and distant metastasis. The survival rate of the patients who underwent local excision only was 32.4 %. The patients who underwent partial omentectomy had a higher mortality rate.
How serious can carcinoma, squamous cell be?
We report a high prevalence of lung metastases (9.9%), which is very different from the reported prevalences of carcinoma, squamous cell in the western world. The presence of lymph node metastases and the absence or number of distant metastases are very important prognostic factors in carcinoma, squamous cell.
Has afatinib proven to be more effective than a placebo?
In patients with a metastatic lung cancer the addition of afatinib to chemotherapy showed a significant improvement of PFS with respect to patients who received chemotherapy alone and a non-significant improvement of OS compared with those who received a placebo. On the basis of limited survival data and the lack of clear-cut advantages, we think further studies on afatinib should be performed to confirm the results.
Who should consider clinical trials for carcinoma, squamous cell?
Clinical trials might be appropriate for a select group of patients as they represent the potential for high quality research in this specific area as well as offering some control over treatments.
What are the chances of developing carcinoma, squamous cell?
(1) Only 7% of women under the age of 30 have a carcinoma. (2) The chance of developing a carcinoma increases in younger and older women: 7% and 14% respectively (3) The likelihood that a woman is developing a carcinoma is similar regardless of her ethnicity or marital status (4) The development of a carcinoma is positively correlated with [breast cancer](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/breast-cancer), colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterine cancer (5) Compared to other women, women in early life develop breast and intestinal cancer at much higher rates than other countries. (6) Current tobacco smoking behavior is closely related to the likelihood of the development of cancer.