Common treatments for Hodgkin disease are: chemotherapy, radiation therapy (radiotherapy), or surgery. Immunotherapy (Rituximab, Etanercept), and biologics (Rituximab, Adcetris, interferons, anti-thymocyte globulin"
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The main risk factor for developing a Hodgkin disease is family history. Some other risk factors include: cigarette smoking, radiation from a nuclear power plant and occupational exposure to pesticides or other agrochemicals. It is not yet understood if autoimmune disease is a cause of the disease, however the results of research into the matter are growing. Other known risk factors are: a lack of good physical activity, and obesity. When the risk factors are combined together they increase the chances of a diagnosis of the condition in a person.
H.D. is a cancer that forms in the lymph nodes near the top of the body and often causes enlarged lymph nodes or inflammation of the skin, brain and other parts of the body. H.D. affects men and women equally and can be confused with other cancers. It is not uncommon for people with H.D. to have prolonged periods of remission.\n
Given that some men with Hodgkin disease and asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic disease can be cured, then there must be other factors that contribute to the development of bulky lymphomas in other patients who develop symptoms.
A total of 8,800 cases were diagnosed among children and teenagers in all 50 of the United States in 1984. About 300 cases were diagnosed each year in most States (Arizona, California, North Carolina, New Jersey, New Mexico, Ohio, and South Carolina). About 4,500 cases were diagnosed in the remaining 20 States. The highest incidence appears predominantly in white youths, and disproportionately in males. Although age-group and race-specific incidence of HOD is similar in North and South America, the incidence in individual United States cities varies widely from very high (e.g., San Antonio, 1,900 per 100,000), to very low (e.g., Denver, 0 per 100,000).
This is not a comprehensive list of the signs of Hodgkin disease (HL). Nevertheless, these may be useful as initial steps when making a presentation to a person with a suspicion of HL. They can also be indicative of other complications of HL. Also some of these signs could be associated with the response to treatment, even when the disease is fully treated.
Findings from a recent study, 5 of 39 (12.7%) patients receiving brentuximab vedotin plus docetaxel, etoposide, and prednisone (BETCHP) experienced symptomatic peripheral neuropathy, most often within 3 weeks of starting brentuximab vedotin plus docetaxel, etoposide, and prednisone. Peripheral neuropathy requiring intervention was associated with cumulative brentuximab vedotin dose.
Recent advances in biomedical and clinical research have enabled a novel approach to treat patients with hodgkin disease. This approach involves a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. Today, the most effective ways to treat patients with these diseases are chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and bone marrow transplants, which can result in lengthy remission times. These therapies do not prevent the tumor from re-growing, and in most cases they result in devastating relapse during the remission times. Immunotherapy is also effective in treating patients with hodgkin disease. This treatment consists of administering antibodies to treat cancers such as that affecting the stomach, colon, breast, and lung. In this case, these antibodies are being used to prevent and diminish these cancers.
The clinical course of the disease varies with the disease stage at the diagnosis, as does the prognosis. The current knowledge on the biology of the disease should be used to find the best treatment for our patients at each stage.
In this first cohort study, brentuximab vedotin significantly decreased pain and fatigue in patients with relapsed/refractory HL, while preserving the ability to perform most daily activities, leading to a high rate of satisfaction with treatment.
Brentuximab vedotin given every two weeks appears to be safe and well-tolerated in patients with refractory CD20-positive Hodgkin lymphoma, even in adults. Efficacy is comparable to that of other treatment options.
According to a study conducted by Varma et al. in 2013, Dukes classification is still a very helpful diagnostic classification for predicting the progression of cancer, especially in Hodgkin lymphoma. The authors suggest that both clinical and pathological features of the disease may be used as classification criteria, including the presence of the B symptoms, the size of the lymph nodes, the number of lymph nodes involved, the presence or lack of bone involvement, etc. (page 12).