Degarelix & Relugolix for Prostate Cancer

Radical prostatectomies do not always provide satisfactory oncologic outcomes. Radical prostatectomy is an effective treatment for patients with localized prostate cancer but does not affect survival in the whole or in intermediate-risk patients.

It was estimated that there were about 1,300,000 men with prostate cancer in the United States in 2016 and about 2,100,000 men with prostate cancer will develop prostate cancer within their lifetime. It appears that men in this nation may have a longer life expectancy with prostate cancer compared with men in developed countries. The increase in prostate cancer incidence in the USA is mostly confined to males born after World War II.

The etiological basis for prostate cancer remains relatively unknown. The present data do not support a link between familiality and prostate cancer. The study group had fewer cases of Gleason score greater than 7. We suggest that there may not be a definitive link between prostate cancer and familial cases, as this is just one case control study, but we cannot rule out the possibility in large studies, however, such as the aforementioned large database study.

In our experience, the most important factors for the prognosis of prostate cancer are age, stage, PSAD, Gleason score and PSA. Furthermore, the PSA assay should be included as an additional stratifying marker, both when designing treatment strategy and prognostic indices. Results from a recent clinical trial of the current trials will have a decisive impact on the treatment of PCa.

Men with prostate cancer are characterized by high levels of serum PSA, low risk of local lymph node metastasis (LNM and T2G Gleason grading), and an extremely low risk of death from prostate cancer.

A minority (12%) of men without prostate cancer and no men with prostate cancer had symptoms. Men with prostate cancer did have signs of the disease but tended to have smaller and slower growing tumours, which were typically of a lower grade and were more likely to present without symptoms.

Overall, both ADT and FLUTERID were well tolerated by patients treated for prostate cancer with them. Among the side effects documented here, only increased ALT and AST were dose-related during treatment with both FLUTERIDA and ADT alone, whereas increased AST/ALT was associated with FLUTERID plus ADT. Furthermore, when the cumulative incidence of hepatic toxicity is plotted, ADT monotherapy is associated with the greatest hepatoxicity and the greatest need for hepatic-directed therapy.

For nearly a decade the addition of bicalutamide has had no role in the treatment of the metastatic form of testicular cancer. However, in June 2013, a two-step-approval from FDA, which had been delayed by several years, has enabled this drug to be introduced as an alternative to flutamide or nilutamide in the metastatic form of testicular cancer.

As indicated already, the current epidemiology data suggest that [prostate cancer](https://www.withpower.com/clinical-trials/prostate-cancer) develops, in men, from benign disease or at least from the precursor stage. There is an interrelationship between both components of the multifactorial etiology of advanced prostate cancer. In the presence of high PSA levels, a prostate biopsy is indicated (as an confirmator). In low PSA levels, further testing, e.g. the prostate-specific antigen test, is needed to differentiate prostate cancer from BPH.

While the first treatment available in the past several decades was radical prostatectomy, more recent methods include active surveillance and radiotherapy. In addition, the field of prostate reconstruction is rapidly developing to satisfy the increasing demand for natural, tissue-like-looking prostheses. Although treatment strategies are constantly changing, surgical treatment for prostate cancer remains an adequate therapeutic option for patients with localized disease. The treatment of early-stage metastatic prostate cancer continues to be a challenge, and new therapeutic methods are being investigated. Current therapeutic options include radiation therapy, hormonal therapy and chemotherapy. In particular, hormonal therapy is an attractive alternative to conventional chemotherapy, with long-term survival rates in the range of 80-90%.

Recent findings, the addition of either nilutamide or adt plus biflutamide to flutamide did not affect overall completion rates with no reported increased toxicity rates.